蛋白酶对8～21日龄肉仔鸡生长性能、氨基酸表观消化率及肠道组织形态的影响  

Effects of Protease on Growth Performance,Amino Acid Apparent Digestibility and Intestinal Morphology of Broilers Aged from 8 to 21 Days

作　　者：周梁[1] 张海军[1] 王晶[1] 郑旭阳[2] 齐广海[1] 武书庚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部饲料生物技术重点开放试验室,北京100081 [2]帝斯曼(中国)有限公司,北京100027

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第5期1362-1369,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目;国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD26B04)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究蛋白酶对8～21日龄肉仔鸡生长性能、氨基酸表观消化率及肠道组织形态的影响。选择7日龄体重相近、健康的爱拔益加（ AA）肉仔鸡560只（公母各占1/2），随机分为5个组，每组8个重复，每个重复14只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕-肉骨粉型基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.01％、0.02％、0.04％和0.08％蛋白酶的试验饲粮，试验期14 d。结果表明：1）各蛋白酶组肉仔鸡平均日采食量显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），0.02％蛋白酶组肉仔鸡平均日增重显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。2）蛋白酶可二次性提高肉仔鸡粗蛋白质和氨基酸（亮氨酸和异亮氨酸除外）的表观消化率（ P＜0.05），0.02％蛋白酶组肉仔鸡粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于对照组（ P＜0.05），0.01％和0.02％蛋白酶组天冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸和丙氨酸的表观消化率均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。3）随蛋白酶添加水平增加，十二指肠隐窝深度呈显著线性升高（P＜0.05），绒毛高度/隐窝深度呈显著线性降低（P＜0.05）；空肠绒毛高度呈显著二次曲线升高（P＜0.05），隐窝深度呈显著线性升高（P＜0.05）。由此可见，玉米-豆粕-肉骨粉型饲粮添加0.01％和0.02％蛋白酶能够促进肉仔鸡生长前期的小肠发育，提高粗蛋白质及大部分氨基酸表观消化率，从而改善生长性能。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of protease on growth performance, amino acid apparent digestibility and intestinal morphology of broilers aged from 8 to 21 days.A total of 560 seven-day-old healthy Arbor Acres broilers with a similar body weight were randomly allocated to 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and 14 chickens per replicate.Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet, and broilers in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.04%and 0.08%protease, respectively.The experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed as follows： 1） the average daily feed in-take of broilers in protease groups was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） , and the aver-age daily gain of broilers in 0.02%protease group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） .2） The apparent digestibility of crude protein and amino acids （ except leucine and isoleucine） showed a quadratic curve of rising （ P〈0.05） , the crude protein apparent digestibility of broilers in 0.02%protease group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） , and the apparent digestibility of asparagic acid, threonine, serine and alanine in 0.01%and 0.02%protease groups was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） .3） With the increase of protease supplemental level, the crypt depth of duodenum showed a linear curve of rising （ P〈0.05） , and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth （ V/C） showed a linear curve of falling （ P〈0.05）;the villus height of jejunum showed a quadratic curve of rising （ P〈0.05） , and the crypt depth showed a linear curve of rising （ P〈0.05） .It is concluded that adding 0.01%to 0.02%protease to the corn-soybean meal-meat and bone meal diet can promote the development of small intestine of broilers in the early stage, improve the apparent digestibility of crude protein and most of amino acids, and then improve the growth performanc

关 键 词：蛋白酶 肉仔鸡 生长性能 氨基酸表观消化率 肠道组织形态 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]