山东半岛黄海沿岸强壮箭虫丰度的季节变化和分布特征  

Seasonal Variation and Distribution Characteristics of Sagitta crassain Yellow Sea Coast of the Shandong Peninsula

作　　者：徐风风[1,2] 朱丽岩[1] 徐潇峰[1] 薛泽[1] 卢梦雪 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]山东省青岛初级实验中学,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第5期54-60,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：山东省908专项(SD 908-01-01-05:06)资助

摘　　要：于2006年8月～2007年11月对山东半岛黄海沿岸海域进行的春、夏、秋、冬4个航次的调查，根据强壮箭虫的个体丰度分析其季节变化、水平分布、垂直分布特征，并运用聚集度指标法分析其聚集特征。结果表明，山东半岛黄海沿岸海域4个季节强壮箭虫的平均丰度为63．2ind·m^3，呈现秋季〉冬季〉夏季〉春季的变化规律。水平分布上，春夏两季形成的丰度密集中心多于秋冬两季，但高丰度区分布范围小于秋冬两季；春夏两季丰度密集中心主要分布于近岸海域，而秋冬两季则以远岸海域为主。垂直分布上，春夏季强壮箭虫表层平均丰度高于底层，而秋冬季表层平均丰度则低于底层；强壮箭虫存在一昼夜内2次上升和2次下沉的垂直移动现象，其上升和下沉的时间随季节不同而有所变化。强壮箭虫在山东半岛黄海沿岸海域呈现聚集分布。强壮箭虫的分布与多种环境因子变化有关，其中温度、盐度、桡足类分布是影响强壮箭虫分布的重要因素。The annual distribution characteristics of Sagitta crassa which is a dominant species of zooplankton in Yellow Sea coast of the Shandong Peninsula were investigated from August 2006 to October 2007. The seasonal variation and distribution characteristics of S. crassa were analysised according to the abundance. The aggregation characteristics was discussed applying index of assemblage density. The average abundance of S. crassa in the investigated area was 63.22 ind · m^-3, and an obvious trend of autumn〉winter〉summer〉spring was obtained. The abundance in autumn and winter was larger than those in spring and summer, and the abundance in autumn was 3.34 times of that in spring. The horizontal distribution of S. crassa in the investigated area showed there were more the dense centers in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter, but the high abundance distribution range in spring and summer was little than in autumn and winterl the dense centers of abundance in the spring and summer were mainly distributed in the coastal waters, and which in the autumn and winter were in the farshore waters. The surface layer had the larger abundance compared with the bottom layer in the vertical distribution in spring and summer, while the opposite in autumn and winter. S. crassa went up and down for two times in a day. Moreover, the diurnal vertical migration of S. crassa in four seasons showed different characters. S. crassa in Shandong coast belongs to the aggregate pattern. The relationship between environmental factors and the distribution of S. crassa was complicated. However, the temperature, salinity and copepods＇ distribution did more to the distribution pattern.

关 键 词：强壮箭虫 山东近岸海域 丰度 分布 

分 类 号：S932.2[农业科学—渔业资源]