奶牛子宫内膜炎主要致病菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验  

Isolation Identification and Drug Sensitive Tests of Main Pathogenic Bacteria from Cows with Endometritis

作　　者：胡文举[1,2] 宋艳画[3] 秦佳辰 石奎林 于文浩[1] 刘远哲[1] 王新庄[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学,河南郑州450002 [2]河南广播电视大学,河南郑州450008 [3]河南农业职业学院,河南中牟451450 [4]平顶山市郏县红牛繁育中心,河南平顶山467124

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2014年第5期117-123,共7页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAD02701);河南省优质肉牛专项基金项目(11020311);河南省奶业专项基金项目(10352140)

摘　　要：为调查河南平顶山地区奶牛场子宫内膜炎致病菌的种类、致病性和耐药性,采集了某牛场29头患子宫内膜炎奶牛的子宫内容物,进行细菌分离鉴定,小鼠攻毒试验及细菌药敏试验。共分离出蜡样芽胞杆菌、大肠埃希菌、奥斯陆莫拉菌等18种(52株)细菌,其中蜡样芽胞杆菌、奥斯陆莫拉菌、大肠埃希菌检出率较高,分别为41.4%(12/29)、20.7%(6/29)、17.2%(5/29)。小鼠致病性结果显示,大肠埃希菌对小鼠致病性最强,腹腔攻毒后2d内小鼠全部死亡;蜡样芽胞杆菌次之,腹腔攻毒后2d内致死率为75%,奥斯陆莫拉菌攻毒后2d内致死率为50%。药敏试验结果显示,蜡样芽胞杆菌、奥斯陆莫拉菌、大肠埃希菌均对阿莫西林和氨苄西林表现为耐药;对环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、强力霉素均表现为高度敏感。结果说明,蜡样芽胞杆菌、大肠埃希菌、奥斯陆莫拉菌为该地区奶牛子宫内膜炎主要致病菌;环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、强力霉素可作为该地区奶牛治疗子宫内膜炎的首选药物。Bacterial isolation and identification and drug sensitive test were conducted on intrauterine con-tents of 29 cows with endometritis in a dairy farm in Pingdingshan.There were 18 species（52 strins）bacte-ria in the 29 samples,such as Bacillus cereus ,E.coli,Moraxella osloensis ,in which Bacillus cereus , Moraxella osloensis and E.coli had the highest detection rates with 41.4%（12/29）,20.7% （6/29）and 17.2% （5/29）,respectively;Results of pathogenicity tests in mice showed that E.coli,Chryseobacterium meningosepticum,Streptococcus dysgalactiae ,Bacillus thuringiensis and Chryseobacterium indologenes had the strongest pathogenicity,with all of the mice died in 2 days;Bacillus cereus came second,with 3 mice died in 2 days after abdominal injection and the fatality rate was 75%,Moraxella osloensis came third in 2 days after,the fatality rate was 50%.Drug sensitivity tests showed that Bacillus cereus ,Moraxella osloensis ,E.coli showed drug resistance to amoxicillin and ampicillin but were highly sensitive to cipro-floxacin,enrofloxacin and doxycycline.The result showed that Bacillus cereus ,E.coli,Moraxella os-loensis were the main pathogenic bacteria of cow endometritis.Enrofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,doxycycline could be used as preferred drugs in treating endometritis in this farm.

关 键 词：奶牛 子宫内膜炎 致病菌 分离鉴定 药敏试验 

分 类 号：S857.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]