铸造Al-Si系合金中的合金元素的作用  

Function of Alloying Elements in Al-Si Series Cast Alloys

作　　者：高青[1,2] 赵忠魁[1,2] 刘波祖 孙清洲[1,2] 王桂青[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学材料科学与工程学院,济南250101 [2]山东省铸造清洁化生产工程技术研究中心,济南250101

出　　处：《材料导报》2014年第9期74-78,91,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2012EMM013;ZR2012EMM014)

摘　　要：对铸造Al-Si系合金中杂质元素Fe,合金元素Mg、Cu、Sn、Mn、Be、Pb和变质元素稀土、Sr、P、B、Na等的作用进行了分析和概述。Fe能提高合金硬度和耐磨性,但会降低合金的力学性能。Mg能提高合金强度,但Fe、Mg共同作用会降低合金的力学性能。Cu和Mn对脆性Al-Fe-Si相有变质作用,并能提高合金力学性能,Cu与Ni复合作用,可提高Al-Si合金的高温强度和硬度。Sn能提高合金的力学性能。Be降低富铁相有害作业,提高合金力学性能。Pb能提高合金的机加工性能和耐磨性能。Na、Ca都对共晶硅有变质作用,P、B可细化初晶Si,稀土元素和Sr对共晶Si和初晶Si都有变质作用。Iron,magnesium,copper,tin,manganese,beryllium,led,rare earth,strontium,phosphorus,boron,sodium and other elements in Al-Si series alloys are reviewed.The hardness and wear resistance are improved and the mechanical properties are reduced by the iron.The strength is improved by the magnesium,but the mechanical properties are reduced by the complex of magnesium and iron.The mechanical properties of the alloys are improved by the copper or manganese as the Al-Fe-Si phases are modified,the elevated temperature strength and hardness are improved by the complex of copper and nickel.The mechanical properties of the alloys are improved by the tin.The mechanical properties of the alloys are improved by beryllium as the iron-rich phases are modified.The machining performance and wear resistance are improved by lead.The eutectic structure is modified by sodium or calcium,primary silicon phases are modified by phosphorus or boron,both eutectic structure and primary silicon phases are modified by rare earth or strontiun.

关 键 词：铸造Al-Si系合金 合金元素 性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]