广西1886例自杀性急性中毒病例分析  

Analysis on 1886 cases of suicidal acute poisoning in Guangxi

作　　者：蒋东方[1] 张振明[1] 刘清华[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院,广西南宁530021 [2]广西医科大学基础医学院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第10期1830-1831,1847,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅重点项目(重200932)

摘　　要：目的探讨广西自杀性急性中毒的特点。方法查阅病历资料与分类分析。结果在调查的6005例急性中毒病例中，自杀占第二位，为1886例，占31．41％，其中男性610例、女性1270例，两者之比为1：2．08；年龄构成：以20—35岁组最高，占47．34％，其次为36～60岁组，占34．47％；自杀性中毒人数逐年增多，平均每年递增10．18％；自杀中毒的主要毒物为农药类（占73．30％）；在自杀者中的死亡率为5．19％。农村的男性、女性、〈19岁、20-35岁、36—60岁、〉61岁、化学类、农药类、鼠药类、医药类、其他、治愈、后遗症、死亡14个指标的病例分布率（依序各为：34．14％、65．86％、8．05％、43．72％、37．47％、10．76％、1．25％、85.36％、6．18％、5．69％、1．53％、85．32％、8．96％、5．72％）明显不同于城镇（26．88％、73．12％、9．34％、59．23％、24．60％、6．83％、5．69％、33．71％、9．11％、49．20％、2．28％、82．72％、13．82％、3．46％）（P〈0．005）。结论广西自杀性中毒的人群构成（性别与年龄）、自杀用的毒物种类在城乡间具有明显不同，近5年内自杀人数在逐年增多，而且死亡的比例高于外省；应摸清情况，采取有效防控措施。Objective The aim of this research was to evaluate the characteristics of suicidal acute poisoning in Guangxi. Methods Medical records were consulted and classification analysis was utilized in this study. Results In a total of 6 005 cases of acute poisoning surveyed, the number of suicidal case was the second highest （1 886 patients, accounting for 31.41%）. Among these suicidal cases, the number of male and female subjects were 610 and 1 270, respectively. The ratio of male to female was 1： 2.08. Regarding the age composition, the distributive rate of cases for the group of 20 to 35-year-olds was the highest （47.34%）, and the rate for the group of 36 to 60-year-olds was second highest （34.47%）. In addition, the number of suicidal poisoning was increasing year by year （a 10.18% annual increase on average）. The main toxicant of suicidal poisoning was pesticides, representing 73.30% of the cases. And the mortality rate of suicidal poisoning was 5.19%. In the rural areas, the distributive rates for groups of male, female, for groups of 19-year-olds and younger, 20 to 35-year-olds, 36 to 60-year-olds, 60-year-olds and older, for groups of people poisoned by chemicals, pesticides, rat poisons, medical drugs, other poisonings, and for groups of cure, sequel, death were as follows： 34.14%, 65.86%, 8.05%, 43.72%, 37.47%, 10.76%, 1.25%, 85.36%, 6.18%, 5.69%, 1.53%, 85.32%, 8.96%, 5.72%, respectively. The corresponding rates in the rural areas were clearly different from these rates in the urban areas, which were： 26.88%, 73.12%, 9.34%, 59.23%, 24.60%, 6.83%, 5.69%, 33.71%, 9.11%, 49.20%, 2.28%, 82.72%, 13.82%, 3.46%, respectively （P〈0.005）. Conclusion The constitution （gender and age） and the main toxicants of suicide poisoning were obviously different between urban and rural areas in Guangxi. In the past five years, the number of suicidal poisoning was increasing annually. And the proportion of suicidal acute poisoning among deaths was higher than other provinces. The corresponding situati

关 键 词：急性中毒 自杀中毒 中毒毒物 中毒人群 中毒治疗 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]