人工源深部地震探测与壳幔结构及对异常体的分辨  

Detection of crust and mantle structures and distinguish of the anomaly body with artificial source deep seismic profiling

作　　者：司芗[1,2] 滕吉文[1] 马学英[1,2] 刘有山[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2014年第2期560-572,共13页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(90914012)资助

摘　　要：利用地震波场研究地球内部壳、幔结构的方法主要包括天然地震波场中的远地震观测法、近地震观测法和人工源地震深部探测法.其中,由于人工源地震探测的震源位于浅表层介质中,且其震源位置、爆炸时间、接收条件等均为精确已知,因此其所得结果的精度最高、且最为准确.人工源深部地震探测分为深部地震宽角反射和折射剖面探测及深部近垂直反射波法探测.前者可求得壳、幔介质的分层结构和速度分布,后者可较详细了解地壳构造形态的细节.两种方法具有不同的特点、但却相辅相成.当今,将深地震宽角反射/折射和深反射法联合观测以取得较详细的速度结构和构造展布特征将必成地球内部研究的必然轨迹.The methods of studying the lithospheric structure with seismic wave field mainly include natural source teleseismic observation, near seismic observation and artificial source deep seismic profiling. The source of artificial deep seismic profiling is located in the surface medium, and source location, detonation time, receiving condition is precisely known. So the result from deep seismic profiling is the most accurate. Artificial source deep seismic profiling is divided into two parts. One is deep seismic sounding; the other is deep seismic reflection. From the first part, we can get crust and upper mantle structure and velocity distribution, and from the other part, we can know the detailed crust structure. These two methods have their own characteristic and are complementary. Currently, the joint detection of the deep seismic sounding and deep seismic reflection can obtain velocity structure and formation distribution, which must become the necessary method of lithospheric study.

关 键 词：地震波传播 深地震测深 地震反射波 地震折射波 壳幔结构 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学] P541[天文地球—固体地球物理学]