储层岩性对水力裂缝延伸的影响  

Influence of reservoir lithology on hydraulic fracture propagation

作　　者：赵争光[1,2] 杨瑞召[1] 孙志朋[1] 孟张武 张青山[1] 刘利强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京),北京100083 [2]北京阳光吉澳能源技术有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2014年第2期885-888,共4页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重大基础研究计划项目(2009CB724601)资助

摘　　要：水力压裂施工过程中,天然断层或裂缝对水力裂缝的延伸影响显著,甚至与水平井轨迹平行或近乎平行的断层或裂缝会形成压裂屏障,阻止水力裂缝的延伸甚至造成砂堵.而岩性对水力裂缝延伸的影响目前还不清楚.本文首先利用地面微地震监测技术对水力裂缝进行了成像并提取出微震事件点分布平面图;然后利用三维地震断层属性预测了天然断层或裂缝分布,利用三维地震GR反演体提取了沿层砂岩分布平面图;最后,通过叠合天然断层或裂缝分布图、砂岩分布平面图以及微震事件点分布平面图,分析了岩性和天然断层或裂缝对水力裂缝延伸的影响,证实了岩性是除天然断层或裂缝以外控制水力裂缝延伸过程的另一个重要因素.During hydraulic fracturing, the natural faults or fractures play a key role in the propagation of the hydraulic fractures, and the faults or fractures which are parallel or nearly parallel to the horizontal wellbore will act as the fracture barriers for hydraulic fracture propagation and even result in sand plug. However, there is no research having been reported about the reservoir lithology＇s influence on the propagation of hydraulic fractures. This paper has firstly mapped the hydraulic fractures by using surface based microseismic monitoring technology and extracted the plan view of microseismic events; and then used the faulting attribute of 3D seismic to predict the distribution of natural faults or fractures as well as used the GR inversion data derived from inverting 3D seismic data to extract the plan view of sandstone distribution; and finally analyzed the role of lithology and natural faults or fractures in the propagation of hydraulic fractures through overlaying the plan views of microseismic events, sandstone distribution and natural faults or fractures distribution. It is found that the reservoir lithology other than the natural faults or fractures is another important factor that plays a key role in the propagation of hydraulic fractures.

关 键 词：致密砂岩 水力压裂 三维地震 微地震 压裂屏障 岩性 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]