水源性高碘地区饮水和食盐碘含量与儿童碘摄入过量的关系  

Relationship between drinking Water, iodized salt and children＇s excessive iodine intake in children living in high iodine areas

作　　者：吕胜敏[1] 徐栋[1] 王玉春[2] 杜永贵[1] 贾丽辉[1] 马景[1] 种振水[1] 赵君[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021 [2]河北省衡水市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第3期294-297,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：河北省科技攻关项目（11276103D-3）

摘　　要：目的探讨饮水和食盐碘含量与水源性高碘地区儿童碘摄人过量的关系。方法采用单纯随机数字表法，在河北省衡水市水碘中位数在150～300μg／L的高碘乡镇中抽取3个乡镇，采用硫酸铵消化．砷铈催化分光光度测定方法调查8—10岁儿童尿碘水平，生活饮用水标准检验法检测儿童所在村的饮水碘含量，直接滴定法检测居民户食盐碘含量。结果在3个乡镇的12个村中，共采集8—10岁儿童即时尿样326份，尿碘中位数为518．1μg／L，尿碘〉300μg／L的尿样所占比例为82．5％（269／326）；共采集饮用水水样24份，水碘中位数为247．2μg／L；共采集居民户食用盐样240份，碘盐覆盖率为80．8％（194／240）。12个村儿童的尿碘中位数与其所在村的水碘呈正相关（Spearsman检验，r=0．79，P〈0．05），而与盐碘的相关性检验无统计学意义（Spearsman检验，r=-0．17，P〉0．05）。多元回归分析结果显示，儿童尿碘的变异中有68．7％是由水碘造成的。结论饮水是造成高碘地区儿童碘摄人过量的主要原因，停供碘盐不能彻底解决碘摄入过量的问题，应改换碘含量适宜的饮水水源。Objective To explore the relationship between drinking water, iodized salt and children＇s excessive iodine intake in children living in waterborne high iodine areas. Methods Three townships were selected by simple random sampling among the townships with median water iodine being 150 - 300 μg/L in Hengshui City of Hebei Province to investigate the urinary iodine level （ammonium sulfate digestion arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry） of children aged 8 to 10 years, while the iodine content of drinking water （standard testing method for drinking water） and iodized salt（direct titration method） were also investigated in the villages where these children lived. Results A total of 24 water samples were collected in 12 villages of 3 townships, with median water iodine being 247.2μg/L. A total of 240 edible salt samples from households in these villages were collected, with iodized salt coverage being 80.8% （194/240）. A total of 326 spot urine samples of children aged 8 - 10 years were collected. The median iodine of these samples was 518.1 μg/L, and the proportion of urinary samples with iodine content over 300 μg/L was 82.5% （269/326）. Children＇ median urinary iodine in each of the 12 villages investigated correlated positively with the median water iodine of the corresponding village （Spearsman, r = 0.79, P 〈 0.05）, but not with median salt iodine （Spearsman, r = - 0.17, P 〉 0.05）. The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that 68.7% of the variability in median urinary iodine was associated with variability in water iodine in the 12 villages. Conclusions Drinking water is the key contributor to children＇s excessive iodine intake. Withdrawing iodized salt could not completely correct excessive iodine intake. Intervention should be focused on finding water source with proper iodine content.

关 键 词：碘 饮水 盐类 数据收集 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]