磁共振泌尿系水成像诊断儿童无功能肾病因  

MR urography in etiological diagnosis of dysfunctional kidney in children

作　　者：邵虹 周莺[1] 施美华 王静蕾 李炅 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心影像诊断中心,上海200127

出　　处：《中国医学影像技术》2014年第5期665-668,共4页Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging Technology

摘　　要：目的探讨磁共振泌尿系水成像(MRU)诊断儿童无功能肾病因的价值。方法回顾性分析38例经核素肾动态显像确诊为一侧肾脏无功能患儿的临床和MRU资料,其中18例患儿接受手术治疗。对MRU原始图像进行MIP重建以诊断病因。结果 7例MRU仅见一侧存在肾实质结构,诊断为孤立肾;16例MRU于一侧肾区未见正常肾实质,见多个大小不等、互不相通的类圆形高信号,诊断为多囊性发育不良肾;12例患侧肾皮质菲薄或无明显肾皮质,肾盂异常扩张,T2WI呈高信号,提示重度肾积水;3例于一侧盆腔见体积明显缩小的肾形结构,肾实质显示不清,肾盂扩张,T2WI呈高信号,伴扩张输尿管异位开口于阴道或尿道,诊断为异位发育不良肾。18例接受手术患儿术后诊断均与MRU相符。结论 MRU对于诊断无功能肾病因具有重要意义。Objective To explore the value of MR urography （MRU） in etiological diagnosis of dysfunctional kidney in children. Methods MRU and clinical data of 38 patients （18 underwent surgical operation） with unilateral dysfunctional kidney confirmed by dynamic renal scintigraphy were retrospectively analyzed. The raw data of MRU were reconstructed with MIP for etiological diagnosis. Results In MRU, renal parenchyma only in one side of renal fossa were found in 7 pa-tients and diagnosed as solitary kidney, while numerous hyperintensities on T2WI of varying size without communication instead of normal kidney structures were detected in 16 and then diagnosed as multicystic dysplastic kidney. Extremely thin cortex and highly dilated pelvis with hyperintensities on T2WI were observed in 12 patients and diagnosed as hydronephro-sis, whereas small cystic remnant of an ectopic renal bud with dilated pelvis （hyperintense on T2WI） and dilated ureter ectopically inserting into vagina or urethra were noticed in 3 and diagnosed as ectopic dysplastic kidney. Among 18 patients who underwent surgical operation, the results of MRU were coincident with those during operations. Conclusion MRU is of great value in etiological diagnosis of dysfunctional kidney in children.

关 键 词：肾脏 磁共振成像 儿童 

分 类 号：R726.9[医药卫生—儿科] R445.2[医药卫生—临床医学]