黄铜矿精矿的加压浸出研究  

Pressure leaching of a chalcopyrite concentrate

作　　者：王晓丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100380

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2014年第3期1-4,共4页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：加压浸出处理铜精矿是一种可替代传统法处理铜精矿的新兴工艺,其优点在于该工艺不会像火法处理时一样产生空气污染.本文对黄铜矿精矿在H2SO4-O2体系浸出时得到的试验数据进行了讨论.试验采用单一粒径的黄铜矿精矿样品,在容积为2L的加压反应器中进行浸出.试验研究的主要因素包括：搅拌速度,温度,氧分压,硫酸浓度,粒径以及浸出时间.研究结果表明当搅拌速度达到700r/min,足以使颗粒悬浮,氧气分布效果良好.温度是影响铜从精矿中浸出速率的主要因素.温度为160℃时,铜从单一粒径（53 ～ 75 μm）的精矿样品中的浸出速率相对较慢,60 min内铜的浸出率约为90％,当温度升至190℃时,铜的浸出速率显著加快,10 min内铜的浸出率可以达到100％.另一方面,氧分压为517～1 034 kPa,硫酸浓度为5～20 g/L时对铜的浸出速率影响较小.Pressure leaching is an attractive alternative to process copper concentrates without atmospheric pollution as produced by pyrometallurgical processing. In the present work, we discuss some experimental data obtained in the pressure leaching of a chaleopyrite concentrate in H2SO4-O2 system. The leaching experiments were carried out in a 2 liter batch pressure reactor using mono-sized chalcopyrite concentrate samples. The main variables studied included stirring speed, temperature, partial pressure of oxygen, sulfuric acid concentration, particle size, and leaching time. The results showed that a stirring speed over 700 rpm was sufficient to obtain adequate suspension of the particles and good oxygen distribution. The variable that affected most the dissolution rate of copper from the concentrate was the temperature. At 160 ℃ , the copper dissolution from a mono-size -75 ＋ 53 μm concentrate sample was relatively slow and about 90 percent of copper was dissolved in 60 minutes, while at 190 ℃ , the dissolution was very rapid and complete copper extraction was obtained in about 10 minutes. On the other hand, the partial pressure of oxygen between 517 to 1 034 kPa and the sulfuric acid concentration from 5 to 20 g/l affected little the dissolution rate of copper.

关 键 词：湿法冶金 精矿 黄铜矿 加压浸出 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]