互惠到交换:理解农村人情变迁的视角  

From Reciprocity to Trading: To Understand the Change of Renqing in Rural Areas

作　　者：余练[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学中国乡村治理研究中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《人口与社会》2014年第1期60-65,共6页Population and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助青年项目(12CKS016);教育部人文社会科学基金资助青年项目(11YJC710064)

摘　　要：在人类学研究中,互惠概念是解释人情的经典范式。但是近年来,农村人情性质发生了蜕变,以资源转化型、财富聚敛型和拉关系型人情为特征的交换性人情替代了互惠性人情,并有逐渐加剧的趋势。探究人情变迁的机制可以发现,农村人情的变迁实际上是社会结构的变迁,以宗族血缘关系为基础的熟人社会正在被地缘、业缘和趣缘关系为基础的原子化社会所取代,人情的性质随之变化。In the study of anthropology, the concept of reciprocity is explained as the basis of human relationship （offering and accepting gifts, favors and banquets）. But in recent .years big changes have taken place in human relationship of rural people, with the reciprocal being gradually replaced by trading featured as transforming re- sources, collecting wealth and currying favor. To explore the mechanism of social change, it is found that the change of the rural human relationship is actually the change of social structure. As traditional acquaintance soci- ety on the basis of the clan consanguinity is being replaced by the atomization of society on the basis of geograph- ical, industrial and interest relations, then nature of human relationship changes.

关 键 词：人情 互惠性 交换性 社会结构 社会变迁 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理]