中国小麦主要矮秆基因的分布及其对株高的影响  

Distribution and Impact on Plant Height of Major Wheat Dwarfing Genes in China

作　　者：许琦[1,2] 杨娜[1] 柴永峰[1] 杨淑巧[1] 赵智勇[1] 裴蕾[1] 郭文治[1] 刘跃鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000 [2]农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第5期59-64,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31140083)

摘　　要：为了了解矮秆基因在中国冬麦区的分布及利用情况和明确矮秆基因对小麦株高的影响,进一步提高小麦的水肥利用效率,利用前人开发的矮秆基因分子标记和收集的210份冬小麦材料研究矮秆基因RhtB1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8在中国冬麦区的分布和利用情况。结果表明:210份冬小麦材料含有矮秆基因RhtB1b的材料有51份,占总材料的24.3%;含有矮秆基因Rht-D1b的材料有40份,占19.0%;含有Rht8矮秆基因的材料有94份,占44.8%。含有Rht-B1b的小麦材料平均株高为84.0cm,不含有Rht-B1b的小麦材料的平均株高为93.7cm;含有Rht-D1b的小麦材料平均株高为77.9cm,不含有Rht-D1b的小麦材料的平均株高为94.6cm;含有Rht8的小麦材料平均株高为90.0cm,不含有Rht8的小麦材料的平均株高为92.5cm;Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8对小麦平均株高的降秆作用分别为9.7cm、16.7cm和2.5cm。进一步分析不同矮秆基因组合的联合分布情况,同时分析不同矮秆基因的联合降秆作用,结果表明3个矮秆基因的联合降秆作用大于2个矮秆基因的降秆作用,2个矮秆基因的联合降秆作用大于单个矮秆基因的降秆作用;另外还对分子标记在小麦矮秆基因的选择利用方面进行了探讨。In order to find out the distribution and utilization of the dwarf genes in Chinese winter wheat region and clarify their impact on wheat plant height and to improve wheat＇s water and fertilizer use efficiency,the dwarf gene molecular markers developed by predecessors and 210winter wheat materials were utilized to studied the distribution and utilization of the Rht-B1b,Rht-D1band Rht8 genes in Chinese winter wheat region.The research results showed that 51wheat varieties/lines contained the dwarf gene Rht-B1b,accounting for 24.3%of the total 210wheat varieties/lines;40wheat varieties/lines contained the dwarf gene Rht-D1b,accounting for 19.0%;94wheat varieties/lines contained the dwarf gene Rht8,accounting for 44.8%.The average plant height of wheat varieties/lines containing the dwarf gene Rht-B1b was 84.0cm,but that without the Rht-B1bdwarf gene was 93.7cm;the average plant height of wheat varieties/lines containing the dwarf gene Rht-D1b was 77.9cm,but that without the Rht-D1bdwarf gene was 94.6cm;similarly,the average plant height of wheat varieties/lines containing the dwarf gene Rht8 was 90.0cm,but that without the Rht-B1b dwarf gene was 92.5cm.The average plant height of wheat containing single dwarf gene of Rht-B1b, Rht-D1band Rht8 declined 9.7cm,16.7cm and 2.5cm,respectively.Based on the above study,further analysis was conducted the combined distribution of three dwarf genes and the effects of different combination of dwarf genes on lowering plant height,the result showed that the combined effect of three dwarf genes was greater than the combined effect of two dwarf genes,and the combined effect of two dwarf genes was greater than the effect of single dwarf genes.Moreover,the utilization of wheat dwarf gene molecular markers in wheat breeding was discussed.

关 键 词：小麦 矮秆基因 分子标记 株高 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]