施肥对橡胶人工林土壤呼吸、土壤微生物生物量碳和土壤养分的影响  

The Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Soil Respiration,Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Soil Nutrients of Rubber Plantation in Xishuangbanna,SW China

作　　者：徐凡珍[1,2] 胡古[3] 沙丽清[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态学重点实验室,云南昆明650223 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院昆明分院,云南昆明650204

出　　处：《山地学报》2014年第2期179-186,共8页Mountain Research

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05070304);中国科学院"一三五"专项-突破三(Y2ZKT30B00);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB833501)~~

摘　　要：为探讨施肥处理对橡胶人工林的影响,对施用氮、磷化肥处理(对照:CK;N1:100 kg Nha-1;N2:200 kg Nha-1;P:75 kgPha-1)对橡胶林土壤呼吸、微生物生物量碳和养分的影响进行为期1 a的研究。结果表明:土壤呼吸的季节变化基本上呈单峰曲线,土壤呼吸速率在雨季(平均为2.77μmol CO2m-2s-1)大于旱季(平均2.55μmol CO2m-2s-1);台地土壤呼吸受测定前降水影响明显,呈显著负相关(按CK、N1、N2和P排列相关系数分别为-0.757、-0.630、-0.659和-0.586),而边坡土壤呼吸与土壤温度有极显著正相关(按CK、N1、N2和P排列相关系数分别为0.638、0.635、0.712和0.694);高氮处理N2(200 kg Nha-1)在雨季时显著抑制台地异养呼吸和边坡土壤呼吸;通过测定土壤微生物生物量碳发现,高氮处理样地在雨季和雾凉季显著抑制台地和边坡土壤微生物生物量碳;在土壤养分方面,除施磷样地内台地土壤有效磷含量显著增大外(P样地内有效磷含量为85.43 mg/kg,CK样地为9.77 mg/kg),施肥处理并未对橡胶林土壤养分造成显著影响。A one-year study on the effects of nitrogen and phosphrus fertilizer treatments（CK：no fertilizer;N1：100 kg Nha- 1;N2：200 kg Nha- 1;P：75 kgPha- 1） on soil respiration,soil microbial biomass carbon and soil nutrients of rubber plantation was conducted.The result shows that：seasonal variation of soil respiration followed single peak curve substantially.During rainy season,soil respiration rate（with an average of 2.77μmol CO2m- 2s- 1） was higher than that（with an average of 2.55 μmol CO2m- 2s- 1） in dry season.There was a strong negative correlation between soil respiration in the terrace bench and the precipitation of prior 7 days（from CK,N1 to N2 and P,correlation rates are- 0.757,- 0.630,- 0.659 and- 0.586,respectively）,while soil respiration in the riser bank was positively correlated with the 5cm soil temperature（correlation rates are 0.638,0.635,0.712 and 0.694,respectively）.Higher nitrogen（N2） addition significantly reduced soil microbial biomass carbon in the terrace bench and riser bank during rainy season and foggy season.However,fertilization treatment did not affect soil nutrition,except phosphorus addition,which increased soil available phosphorus distinctly in the terrace bench（the average content of soil available phosphorus in P plots is 85.43 mg / kg,while that in CK plots is only 9.77 mg / kg）.

关 键 词：施肥 橡胶林 土壤呼吸 土壤微生物生物量碳 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]