不同施肥方式对全球红葡萄光合日变化及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization on Photosynthetic Diurnal Variation and Fruit Quality of Red Globe Grape

作　　者：谭博[1,2] 曹晓艳 刘怀峰[2] 徐宫善 沈成山 马兵钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]伊宁县林业局,新疆伊宁835100 [2]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第3期410-416,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团博士资金项目(ZD2007JC06)

摘　　要：【目的】分析不同施肥处理全球红葡萄的光合日变化及品质变化,寻求全球红葡萄合理施肥方案的依据。【方法】设立全球红葡萄的不同施肥方式处理,使用PP Systems便携式光合测定仪(CIRAS-2)测定叶片的光合日变化,并在果实成熟期测定果实品质。【结果】不同施肥方式下全球红叶片的净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)日变化呈"双峰"曲线,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)日变化为"单峰"曲线,蒸腾速率(E)在中午12:00达到峰值,随后逐渐降低。无机肥处理使Pn保持较高水平;无机肥处理使Gs保持较高水平;各处理均使Ci保持较高水平;无机肥处理使E保持较高水平。有机肥处理使全球红可溶性固形物含量和总糖含量分别提高了18.14%和13.52%,使果实横径和酸含量分别降低3.99%和11.15%,有机肥和无机肥混合处理使单果重、纵径、横径、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量和VC含量分别提高了6.22%、16.56%、15.88%、5.57%、8.16%和8.44%,使酸含量降低了10.71%。【结论】不同施肥方式均增强了全球红葡萄的光合作用,Pn、Gs、Ci和E均明显高于对照;不同施肥方式在不同程度上提高了果实的可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、VC含量,降低了总酸含量,提高了果实的内在品质。[Objective] This project aims to select the suitable fertilization mode for the growth and metabolism of Red Globe grape.[Method] The different quantity of photosynthetic diurnal variation and fruit quality were analyzed.[Result] The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and stomatal conductance （Gs） was the double peak：The diurnal variation of intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） was the single peak：The transpiration rate （E） reached a peak at 12：00,then decreased gradually.The Pn of treatment Y were maintained at high levels.The Gs by treatment W were maintained at high levels.Ci by different treatments was maintained at higher levels.The E of treatment W was maintained at high levels.The soluble solids content and total sugar were increased by 18.14% and 13.52%,the diameter and acid content were decreased by 3.99% and 11.15% by treatment Y.The weight,length,diameter,soluble solids content,total sugar content,Vc content of treatment Y ＋ W were increased by 6.22%,16.56%,15.88%,5.57%,8.16% and 8.44%,respectively.The acid content was reduced by 10.71%.[Conclusion] Pn,Gs,Ci and E by the different treatments were significantly higher than those of the CK,and photosynthesis was enhanced.The different fertilizer modes can improve the contents of the soluble solids,total sugar,Vc and induced the total acid content,and improve the internal quality.

关 键 词：葡萄 施肥方式 光合日变化 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]