根渗灌条件下施肥对核桃产量构成因素的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on Yield Component Factors of Walnut under the Conditions of Infiltrating Irrigation around Roots

作　　者：王治国[1] 饶晓娟[1,2] 刘少杰[3] 周勃[1] 唐亚莉[1] 冯耀祖[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所/绿洲养分与水土资源高效利用重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉831100 [3]阿克苏地区质量与计量检测所,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第3期449-454,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技支疆(201191143);国家"十一五"科技支撑(2009BADA4B03);新疆农业科学院重点实验室建设项目(xjnkkl-2013-001)

摘　　要：【目的】研究施肥对核桃花芽分化、果实横纵径及产量的影响,探讨适宜成龄核桃的施肥量和追肥次数。【方法】在根渗灌条件下通过不同施肥量和不同追肥次数的试验,研究施肥对核桃结果、果实体积及产量的影响。【结果】增加基肥施用量有利于核桃花芽分化,增加追肥量可以提高核桃结果数量和坐果率。增加施肥量尤其是追肥量可以有效增加核桃果径、果实体积。增加施肥量可以有效提高核桃产量,尤其是加大追肥量更有利于提高核桃产量。【结论】增加施肥量和基肥施用量均有利于提高核桃花芽分化,增加施肥量和追肥量均可提高核桃结果数量、坐果率和产量。[Objective] The article project aims to analyzes the effects that fertilizing acts on walnut flower bud,fruit vertical and horizontal and yield to and explore the fertilization amount and the times of topdressing.[Method] The field experiment with two factors and three levels was applied carried out for the study in order to research the effact of fertilzing on walnut fruition,fruit size and yield.[Result] The result of shoed that adding base fertilizer.wais beneficial to walnut flower bud,adding topdressing can could increase the number of walnut and fruit setting rate,adding the amount of fertilizer,especially adding the amount of topdressing can could effectively promote the walnut fruit diameter,and fruit volume.Adding the amount of fertilizer can could also improve the yield of walnut,especially increasing topdressing is conducive to improve the yield of walnut.[Conclusion] Increasing the amount of fertilizer and base fertilizer quantity are were beneficial to improving the walnut flower bud differentiation,and increasing the amount of fertilizer and topdressing can could increase the rate of fruit setting,the number of walnut and yield.

关 键 词：根渗灌 施肥 核桃 花芽分化 坐果率 产量 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学] S606[农业科学—园艺学]