新疆细毛羊饲养户家畜生产结构优化与经济效益分析  

Sructure Optimization of Livestock Production and Economic Benefit Analysis of Ovine Sheep Feeding Household in Xinjiang

作　　者：侯钰荣[1] 李学森[1] 任玉平[1] 易华[1] 朱昊[1] 贠静[1] 陈强[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院草业研究所,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第3期532-539,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆天山北坡草原牧区"生产生态生活"配套保障技术与适应性管理研究(2012BAD131307)

摘　　要：[目的]对昌吉市阿什里乡牧民家畜进行结构优化并对比分析优化前后的经济效益,研究细毛羊在整个家畜结构中的地位和发展空间.[方法]采用面对面的调查记录和野外调查及实地测产相结合的方法.对已选定的牧户进行家畜、草地、经济收入等情况进行详细调查,将2009～2012年的调查数据进行统计分析.[结果]（1）引进德国美利奴种公羊,改良新疆细毛羊品种,个体产肉、产毛生产水平提高;（2）通过围栏和轮牧,草地鲜草单产提高,春草场由原来的1 458.00 kg/hm2提高到1 860.00 kg/hm2;夏草场由6 027 kg/hm2提高到7 485.00 kg/hm2;秋草场由1 508.25 kg/hm2提高到1 619.85 kg/hm2;（3）规划到2015年底,示范户牲畜存栏调整到252头（只）,畜种结构为细毛羊240只,占95.2％;马2匹,占0.8％;牛10头,占4％.（4）规划到2015年底,示范户细毛羊存栏数量保持在240只,其中生产母羊200只,每年选留后备母羊35只,种公羊保持在5只.细毛羊群的结构为生产母羊占83％,后备母羊占15％,种公羊占2％.在98％的母羊中：1岁和2岁母羊各占15％,3岁、4岁和5岁母羊各占14％,6岁和7岁母羊各占13％.（5）牧户的畜牧业投入和产出均呈增加趋势,经济效益显著增加.[结论]通过家畜生产结构的调整,畜群和种群结构趋于合理化,畜牧业产生的效益呈增加趋势,经济效益显著增加.[objective] The purpose of this study is to reveal the true position of ovine sheep in the whole livestock structure and its future development space tThrough livestock optimized production structure and the comparative analysis of the economic benefit for before and after the livestock optimization of production structure.optimization structure,response the position and the development space in whole livestock structure actually,[Method] using the way forFace-to-face investigation records and,field investigations and,plus measured on-the-spot production measurement were applied in the study.face to face.[Result] there was aA detailed survey for livestock,grassland,and the income of selected herdsmanherdsmen was conducted and,statistical analysis of the investigated data from 2009 years to 2012 was carried out years.[Conclusion] The results showsshowed：（1） Introduced Introduction of the Germany Mmerino Rram to modified ameliorate the varieties of Xinjiang wool ovine sheep,led to the increase in the individual production of meat and woolwool were improved;.（2） the fFresh grass unit yield was improved,spring pasture was improved from 1,458.00 kg/hm2 to 1,860 kg/hm2 ; summer pasture was improved from 6,027 kg/hm2 to 7,485.00 kg/hm2 ; autumn pasture was improved from 1,508.25 kg/hm2 to 1,619.85 kg/hm2 by fencing and rotation grazing.; （3） Planning toBy the end of the year 20,155 years,according to the plan,the domonstrating herdsman＇s livestock penned animals will be 252 head,among whom,hvestock structure including woolovine sheep has will be 240 rats,accounting for 95.2% ;horse has will be 2 heads,accounting for 0.8% ;and cow hascattle will be 10 heads,accounting for 4%.（4） By the end of the yearPlanning to 2015 years,the herdsman＇s wool ovine sheep number will be kept at keep 240 rats,which among them,ewes is will be 200 （accounting for 83%） rats,and selecting 35 of them will be rats wool sheep for backup ewes （accounting for 15%）,rams keeping will be 5 （accounting for 2%） rats.Ewe

关 键 词：细毛羊生产 结构优化 经济效益 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]