塔吉克斯坦主要农作物生产潜力研究  

Study on the Productive Potentiality of main Main Crops in Tajikistan

作　　者：牛海生[1] 徐文修[1] 克玉木.米吉提克尤木 塞尔达洛夫.M 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]塔吉克斯坦农业大学

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第3期583-588,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家国际科技合作项目(2010DFA92720-13)

摘　　要：[目的]研究塔吉克斯坦主要农作物生产潜力,探明塔吉克斯坦主要作物单产提高的主要限制因素,为中塔未来农业合作的可能性和合作途径提供依据.[方法]采用农业生态区域法等数学模型分别对塔国棉花、冬小麦两大主要农作物的光合生产潜力、光温生产力以及开发度进行计算分析.[结果]塔吉克斯坦冬小麦、棉花的光合生产潜力分别在14 430～19 240 kg/hm2和31 120 -38 900 kg/hm2,光温生产力分别在7 938～10 584 kg/hm2和8 813 - 11 016 kg/hm2.塔国冬小麦和棉花的光温生产潜力都很高,但实际开发度却很低,分别只有光温生产潜力的23％～30％和15％～18％.农田投入较低、灌溉设施差、农田管理粗放严重限制了塔吉克斯坦小麦、棉花生产潜力的发挥.[结论]塔吉克斯坦小麦、棉花增产潜力的空间很大,借鉴新疆农作物高产生产经验,提高农田管理技术水平,塔吉克斯坦小麦、棉花的生产力潜力可以得到进一步发挥.[Objective] In order to clarify the primary limiting factors acting on the yield of main crops in Tajikistan and provide guidance and reference for the future cooperation opportunities between China and Tajikistan,we studiedthe project aims to study on the Productive productive Potentiality potentiality of main crops in Tajikistan.[Method] We adopted Aagro-ecological zone models and Other other mathematical models were adopted to analysis analyze photosynthesis-temperature productivity and p Productive potentiality level of the cotton and winter wheat which are,the main crops in Tajikistan.[Result] The results showed that the photosynthetic productivity and photosynthetic temperature productivity of wheat in Tajikistan were 14,430 -19,240 kg/hm2 to 7,938-10,584 kg/hm2 while the cotton were 31,120-38,900 kg/hm2 to 8,813-11,016 kg/hm2 respectively,in spite oalthough f the photosynthetic temperature productivity of wheat and cotton in Tajikistan is was very high,but the actually productive potentiality level is was still low,only accounting for 23%-30% and 15%-18% on the photosynthesis-temperature productivity.Low investmentLow investment,poor irrigation facilities and rough management are were the main reasons accounting for the low of crop production potential in Tajikistan.[Conclusion] It has aA great potential to raise the yield of the cotton and wheat in Tajikistan is waiting to be tapped.To drawIf lessons from the high-yield crop productive experience and sStandardized mManagement＇s Systematism of Ttechnique from XinjJiang can be referred to,the yield of the cotton and wheat in Tajikistan will beis likely to be greatly improved.

关 键 词：塔吉克斯坦 光合生产潜力 光温生产潜力 开发度 

分 类 号：F3[经济管理—产业经济]