有机肥料对铅污染土壤铅形态及生物有效性影响研究  

Effects of the Forms and Bioavailability of Pb in Pb-contaminated Soil by Different Organic Fertilizer Treatments

作　　者：童方平[1] 李贵[1] 刘振华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第8期162-166,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目"废弃矿区植物生态修复与安全屏障建设关键技术试验与示范"(2012BAC09B03)

摘　　要：为了探索不同的有机肥料对降低重金属污染土壤Pb毒性的原理和效果;运用重金属污染土壤盆栽添加3种有机肥料的试验方法,分析盆栽土壤中重金属Pb的5种形态;除有机肥料牛粪对Pb的铁锰氧化结合态无显著影响、对Pb的残渣态有显著影响外,有机肥料牛粪对Pb的离子交换态、碳酸盐结合态、有机硫化物结合态有极显著影响,有机肥料猪粪、鸡粪对重金属Pb的5种形态有极显著影响。适量有机肥可降低重金属Pb离子交换态量、碳酸盐结合态和生物活性,增加铁锰氧化物结合态、有机硫化物结合态和残渣态。3种有机肥对降低重金属污染土壤Pb毒性的效果为鸡粪>牛粪>猪粪。有机肥料显著改变了污染土壤中Pb的形态,降低了Pb的生物活性,有机肥料是重金属污染土壤有效的改良剂。The aim was to research principle and effect of decreasing the toxicity of Pb in the Pb-contaminated soil. Three organic fertilizers were added in the pb-contaminated soil. The forms of Pb were analyzed. The results suggested that there were very significant effect on the exchangeable speciation; carbonate bound and organic matter bound. The Fe-Mn oxide of Pb had no significant effect and the residual form had significant effect by cattle manure treatment. All the forms had very significant effect by the chicken manure and pig manure. The right amount of organic fertilizers can reduce the exchangeable speciation, carbonate and bioavailability, respectively and increased the Fe-Mn oxide, organic matter bound and residual form. The effects of the three organic fertilizer treatments were chicken manure cattle manure pig manure. The organic fertilizer changed the forms of Pb and reduced the bioavailability. The organic fertilizer is a better amendment of controlling heavy metal contaminated soil.

关 键 词：有机肥料 重金属形态 生物有效性 重金属 

分 类 号：S7[农业科学—林学]