落叶松树皮粉、尿素改性酚醛树脂的制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of Phenolic Resins Modified with Larch Bark Powder and Urea

作　　者：张伟[1,2,3,4] 马玉峰[1,2,3,4] 赵临五[1,2,3,4] 王春鹏[1,2,3,4] 储富祥[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 [2]江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室 [3]国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室 [4]生物质化学利用国家工程实验室,江苏南京210042 [5]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2014年第2期358-364,共7页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD24B04);国家自然科学基金项目(31200448)

摘　　要：以落叶松树皮粉为生物质原料,采用碱性、酸性酚化改性或直接共聚方式替代石化原料苯酚,并通过低成本原料尿素的高配比使用,在碱性条件下与甲醛发生逐步共聚,制备了经济环保型落叶松树皮粉、尿素改性酚醛树脂(PBUF)胶黏剂。通过化学分析方法研究了落叶松树皮粉原料成分,发现木质素为其主要有效成分。利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和激光粒度仪分别研究了落叶松树皮粉在碱性、酸性酚化改性前后分子结构和颗粒形态的变化。结果表明,在树皮粉对苯酚替代率为30%条件下,碱性酚化改性效果更好,并通过FT-IR、热失重分析(TGA)得以印证,其树脂胶合强度达到Ⅰ类板要求。直接共聚方式具有操作简便、生产效率高、树皮粉、尿素对苯酚替代率高、树脂耐水性好的优点,所制备的树脂可替代三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂。An environmental friendly phenolic resin adhesive was prepared via polymerization of a modifiedlarch bark powder with formaldehyde by adding urea under alkaline conditions. The composition of larch barkpowder was studied and the result shows that lignin is the main active component. The changes in molecularstructure and particle morphology of the larch bark powder after modification was investigated by Fouriertransform infrared （FT-1R） and particle size analyzer. It was found that the alkaline treatment of the larch barkpower shows better performance when the substitution ratio reaches to 30% of the original phenol. The bondingstrength of the adhensive prepared can meet the grade I requirement for plywood. The resin produced by directpolycondensation has higher substitution ratio, better water resistance and can be used to replace resins preparedwith melamine.

关 键 词：落叶松树皮粉 尿素 酚醛树脂 酚化 胶合板 

分 类 号：TQ433.431[化学工程]