我国草食家畜饲草料需求与供给现状分析  

Analysis on Current Situation of Herbivorous Livestock Forage Supply/Demand in China

作　　者：张英俊[1] 张玉娟[1] 潘利[1] 唐士明[1] 黄顶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2014年第10期12-16,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"半干旱牧区天然打草场培育及利用技术研究与示范"(201303060);"牧区家庭牧场资源优化配置技术模式研究与示范"(201003019);"不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置"(200903060);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-35)

摘　　要：本文根据2012年农业部年鉴统计数据对我国草食家畜饲草料需求与供给现状进行了综合分析。研究结果表明,目前我国饲草料供给基本能够满足草食家畜的需要,饲草料需求与供给总体上趋于平衡。但是,不同区域间饲草需求和供给存在明显差异,尤其是山东、河南、云南、辽宁、河北、甘肃6个省份草畜矛盾最为突出,饲草供给远不能满足当前草食家畜产业发展需要,并根据各省区农业资源现状提出了解决饲草料需求不足的有效途径:北方的山东、河南、辽宁、河北4个农业省份应通过提高秸秆饲料化利用率和构建"粮—经—饲"三元种植业结构模式,从而增加饲草有效供给;甘肃省应强化营养体农业在农业系统中的作用,引草入田,构建草地农业模式;云南省应充分利用南方草山草坡等草地资源,提高牧草产量,保障草食家畜的需求。According to the Ministry of Agriculture statistical yearbook data base the current situation relating the herbivorous livestock roughage forage supply / demand in China were analyzed. Our study indicated that, from the national wide the herbivorous livestock roughage forage supply / demand was on equilibrium state. However, the feed- animal balance state in different region were obviously divergence, and especially in Shan Dong, He Nan, Yun Nan, Liao Ning, He Bei and Gan Su province the roughage forage supply couldn＇t meet herbivorous livestock demand. In this paper, the effective solution for feed-animal conflict were also provided based on the individual agricultural resource： for the agricultural dominate area （Shan Dong, He Nan, Liao Ning and He Bei ）, the higher straw feed conversion rate and the Optimization of Grain - Economic Crops - Feed agricultural model establishment should be carry out to match the demand; For the animal husbandry dominate Gan Su province, developing the artificial grassland in agricultural structure adjustment should be adopt; And for the southern Yun Nan province, the development and utilization of mountain and slope grassland should be promoted.

关 键 词：草食家畜 饲草需求 饲草供给 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]