基于MIKE SA模型的厦门西港海域溢油影响的数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation of oil spill in west Xiamen Harbor based on the MIKE spill analysis model

作　　者：王翠[1] 郭洲华[1] 李青生[1] 戴娟娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2014年第2期229-235,共7页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2012J05075);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(海三科2011017)

摘　　要：基于MIKE SA溢油模块,以燃料油为油种,建立了厦门西港海域溢油模型,模拟静风、主导风向(东北东风)和不利风向(西南风)3种风场条件下,一个潮周期内涨急、高潮、落急和低潮4个时段发生10 t溢油后油膜的漂移路径和影响范围.结果显示,发生在厦门西港海域的溢油在海面的漂移过程主要受潮流和风的影响,其中潮流起着主导作用.不同风向条件下,24 h内油膜的影响范围不同,静风条件下溢油浓度超一类(或二类,≥0.05 mg/dm3)、超三类(≥0.30 mg/dm3)和超四类(≥0.50 mg/dm3)的总影响面积分别为31.33、19.63和11.74 km2;主导风向条件下溢油浓度超一类(或二类)、超三类和超四类的总影响面积分别为99.62、69.01和8.99 km2;不利风向溢油浓度超一类(或二类)、超三类和超四类的总影响面积分别为8.38、5.05和2.10 km2.该预测结果可给出溢油事故发生后的影响范围、影响程度和影响敏感目标的时间,可为溢油事故应急决策的制定及溢油损害评估提供科学决策和支持,提升厦门海域环境风险管理应急能力建设.Based on the MIKE spill analysis model the oil spill model was built in the west Xiamen Harbor,and then the drift path and the influence of oil film were simulated under the calm wind,the dominant wind and adverse wind conditions. Ten tons of fuel oil was set as the initial spill to model the oil-spill diffusion process over 24 h. The results showed that the oil spill drift in the sea was mainly influenced by tide and wind,while the tide played a dominant role. The migration trend of the oil film was different under different wind conditions. The total area after oil spill was 31. 33,19. 63 km2and 11. 74 km2under the calm wind conditions with oil concentration exceeded 0. 05,0. 30 mg / dm3and 0. 50 mg / dm3,respectively. The total area was 99. 62,69. 01 and 8. 99km2under the east-northeast wind conditions and 8. 38,5. 05 and 2. 10 km2under the southwest wind conditions. In general,the oil film covered largest area under the dominant wind（ the northeast wind）. The predicted results could provide technical support for the oil spill emergency decision-making and its damage assessment.

关 键 词：海洋环境科学 MIKE SA模型 溢油 数值模拟 厦门西港 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]