生猪粪与香蕉茎杆高温堆肥的研究  

Co-composting of swine manure and banana residue

作　　者：邓小垦 董存明[1] 张彦龙 李宏旭 江林波 阮云泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学农学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南万钟实业有限公司,海南海口570228

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2014年第3期83-87,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372142);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103004);海南省自然科学基金项目(313045);海南省产学研一体化专项资金项目(CXY20130031)

摘　　要：用香蕉茎杆作为基本堆肥原料,研究不同猪粪添加量对混合堆肥体系温度,pH、EC值,全碳、全氮含量,C/N,NH＋4-N、P、K、Ca、Mg含量和种子发芽指数的影响。结果表明：所有处理pH、EC值,全磷和全钾含量呈现上升趋势,全碳含量和C/N呈现下降趋势,全氮含量呈现先下降后上升的趋势,NH＋4-N含量和温度均呈现先上升后下降的趋势;T4（香蕉茎杆37.5 kg,猪粪12.5 kg）和T5（香蕉茎杆32.5 kg,猪粪17.5 kg）处理在堆肥过程中的最高温度分别是58.00和59.00℃,分别持续在50℃以上的时间为6和12 d;堆肥结束时,T1（香蕉茎杆50 kg）、T2（香蕉茎杆47.5 kg,猪类2.5 kg）、T3（香蕉茎杆42.5 kg,猪粪7.5 kg）、T4和T5处理的C/N分别为27.85、21.54、18.78、15.95和14.72,分别下降了5.43%、16.54%、21.46%、25.12%和28.84%;T1～T5处理发芽指数（GI值）分别为：67.04%、86.86%、111.99%、106.26%和94.12%;T5处理的肥料养分和pH值分别为5.59%和8.49。结论：猪粪添加量为12.5和17.5 kg时,显著缩短堆肥体系进入高温分解所需的时间,延长高温持续时间,增加肥堆全磷和全钾含量,加快物料腐熟进程。Using banana stems as a basic raw material,effects of different adding contents of another raw material,swine manure,on the dynamical changes of temperature,pH,EC,the contents of total-nitrogen（TN）,water-soluble ammonium（NH＋ 4-N）,carbon nitrogen ratio（C/N）,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium and seed germination index（GI） were investgated during the composting process. Results showed that pH,EC values,contents of total phosphorus and potassium in all treatments showed increasing trend,total carbon content and C/N showed a downward trend,total nitrogen content showed an earlier downward and later increasing trend. Contents of ammonium nitrogen and temperature showed an earlier increasing and later downward trend. Treatment T4（banana stem 37. 5 kg,swine manure 12. 5 kg） and T5（banana stem 32. 5 kg,swine manure 17. 5 kg） reached the highest temperature of 58. 00 ℃ and 59. 00 ℃,and possessed the higher length of time for the thermophilic phase（above 50 ℃） with 6 days and 12 days during the composting process,respectively. At the end of the composting,the C/N value of T1（banana stem 50 kg）,T2（banana stem 47. 5 kg,swine manure 2. 5 kg）,T3（banana stem 42. 5 kg,swine manure 7. 5 kg）,T4 and T5 treatment were 27. 85, 21. 54,18. 78,15. 95 and 14. 72 with the decrease of 5. 43%,16. 54%,21. 46%,25. 12% and 28. 84%,respectively. The GI values of each treatment were 67. 04%,86. 86%,111. 99%,106. 26% and 94. 12%. The nutrients and pH value of the resulting fertilizer from T5 treatment was 5. 59% and 8. 49,respectively. In conclusion,adding swine manure into banana stems shortened the time required for reaching thermophilic phase,extended the duration of high-temperature phase,increased the contents of total phosphorus and potassium,thus accelerated the composting process.

关 键 词：香蕉茎杆 猪粪 堆肥 腐熟程度 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]