玻璃绝缘子串自然覆冰(雪)交流闪络特性  

AC Flashover Performance of Glass Insulators Covered with Ice or Snow at Natural Station

作　　者：向泽[1] 蒋兴良[1] 张志劲[1] 胡建林[1] 金希[1] 郭裕钧 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第5期1345-1350,共6页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2009CB 724501/502/503);国家创新研究群体基金(51021005)~~

摘　　要：高海拔、污秽及覆冰(雪)环境下绝缘子串电气性能会急剧下降,绝缘子串覆冰(雪)闪络特性是覆冰地区输电线路外绝缘选择的重要依据之一,而目前大多数研究是在人工模拟条件下进行的。为此,在重庆大学雪峰山自然覆冰试验站(海拔高度为1 400 m),采用固体涂层法对LXHY3-160型玻璃绝缘子进行了高海拔现场试验,试验方法采用均匀升压法。此外还分析了覆雪对绝缘子串电气特性的影响,结果表明:此次覆冰(雪)自然试验中,绝缘子上表面均覆了薄雪;绝缘子冻雨覆冰,主要分布在迎风面,覆冰密度为0.775 4 g/cm3;闪络时融冰水电导率较大,且闪络时融冰水电导率随串长增加而呈增长趋势;但冰全融化后,融冰水电导率基本一致,与串长无关。覆冰(雪)对绝缘子串闪络特性的影响规律与人工模拟所得基本一致:自然覆冰下绝缘子串闪络电压与绝缘子串长呈线性关系;绝缘子串覆冰质量与串长亦呈线性关系;自然覆雪绝缘子串闪络电压与串长呈线性关系。The electrical performance of insulators will be weakened remarkably under coexisting low pressure, icing and pollution, so icing flashover performance is one of the key criteria for isolator selection of external insulation for transmission lines at high-altitude areas. Instead of studying icing flashover in artificial simulation environments, which is the most common situation among related researches, we tested the AC electric characteristics of long-string LXHY3-160 insulators at a field site at 1 400 m of altitude, and then we analyzed the influence of snow on the flashover characteristics. The solid layer method was used to prepare the samples while the even-rising voltage method was adopted for electric tests. The test results show that a thin layer of snow covers the insulator samples, while ice with density of 0.775 4 g/cm3mainly distributes at windward side of insulators. The conductivity of ice water during flashover is high, and it increases with length insulator string, yet it is basically the same and has nothing to do with string length when the ice on the insulator strings is melt completely. The influence of the snow/ice on flashover performance at high altitude is consistent with the conclusions obtained in artificial chambers. For insulators covered with snow or ice, flashover voltage is nearly linear to string length, while the ice amount on insulator strings has a linear regression relation to string length.

关 键 词：高海拔 绝缘子 交流 覆冰 覆雪 闪络特性 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]