Distribution and Variation of Carbon Monoxide in the Tropical Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere  

作　　者：LI Qian SHI Hua-Feng SHAO Ai-Mei BIAN Jian-Chun Lü Da-Ren 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences [2]School of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University [3]Troop 93601,The People’s Liberation Army

出　　处：《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》2014年第3期218-223,共6页大气和海洋科学快报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2010CB428602);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41005023 and 41275046)

摘　　要：The authors examine the distribution and varia- tion of carbon monoxide （CO） in the tropics from the sur- face to the lower stratosphere. By analyzing space-borne microwave limb sounder （MLS） measurements, measure- ments of pollution in the troposphere （MOPITT） and mod- em-era retrospective analysis for research and applications （MERRA） meteorological products, and atmospheric chemistry and climate model intercomparison project （ACCMIP） surface emission inventories, the influences of atmospheric dynamics and surface emissions are investi- gated. The results show that there are four centers of highly concentrated CO mixing ratio over tropical areas in differ- ent seasons： two in the Northern Hemisphere and another two in the Southern Hemisphere. All of these centers cor- respond to local deep convective systems and mon- soons/anticyclones. The authors suggest that both deep convections and anticyclones affect CO in the tropical tro- posphere and lower stratosphere--the former helping to transport CO from the lower to the middle troposphere （or even higher）, and the dynamical uplift and isolation effects of the latter helping to build up highly concentrated CO in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere （UTLS）. Similarly, there are two annual surface emission peaks in- duced by biomass burning emissions： one from the North- ern Hemisphere and the other from the Southern Hemi- sphere. Both contribute to the highly concentrated CO mixing ratio and control the seasonal variabilities of CO in the UTLS, combining the effects of deep convections and monsoons. Results also show a relatively steady emission rate from anthropogenic sources, with a small increase mainly coming from Southeast Asia and lndia. These emis- sions can be transported to the UTLS over Tibet by the joint effort of surface horizontal winds, deep convections, and the Asian summer monsoon system.The authors examine the distribution and variation of carbon monoxide(CO)in the tropics from the surface to the lower stratosphere.By analyzing space-borne microwave limb sounder(MLS)measurements,measurements of pollution in the troposphere(MOPITT)and modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications(MERRA)meteorological products,and atmospheric chemistry and climate model intercomparison project(ACCMIP)surface emission inventories,the influences of atmospheric dynamics and surface emissions are investigated.The results show that there are four centers of highly concentrated CO mixing ratio over tropical areas in different seasons:two in the Northern Hemisphere and another two in the Southern Hemisphere.All of these centers correspond to local deep convective systems and monsoons/anticyclones.The authors suggest that both deep convections and anticyclones affect CO in the tropical troposphere and lower stratosphere—the former helping to transport CO from the lower to the middle troposphere(or even higher),and the dynamical uplift and isolation effects of the latter helping to build up highly concentrated CO in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere(UTLS).Similarly,there are two annual surface emission peaks induced by biomass burning emissions:one from the Northern Hemisphere and the other from the Southern Hemisphere.Both contribute to the highly concentrated CO mixing ratio and control the seasonal variabilities of CO in the UTLS,combining the effects of deep convections and monsoons.Results also show a relatively steady emission rate from anthropogenic sources,with a small increase mainly coming from Southeast Asia and India.These emissions can be transported to the UTLS over Tibet by the joint effort of surface horizontal winds,deep convections,and the Asian summer monsoon system.

关 键 词：CARBON monoxidetropicstropospherelower stratospheresurface EMISSIONS 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X16