山东省苍耳资源的种子性状及ISSR多样性分析  

Diversity Analysis by Seed Traits and ISSR Marker of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin Germplasm in Shandong Province

作　　者：赵伟华[1,2] 聂元冬[1] 韩粉霞[1] 顿宝庆[1] 王智[1] 李桂英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/生物质能源研究中心/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程,北京100081 [2]上海交通大学农业与生物学院植物生物技术研究中心,上海200240

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2014年第3期662-667,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2008FY110400)

摘　　要：为了解山东省苍耳资源的遗传多样性,本研究从山东不同生态地区收集29份苍耳资源,对其种子性状、含油量以及ISSR分子标记多态性进行了分析。结果表明,山东省不同生态地区苍耳种仁率平均为32.20%,变异系数为26.66%,多样性指数为1.94;含油量平均为30.03%,变异系数为20.85%,多样性指数为1.94;平均百粒重为9.95 g,变异系数为33.46%,多样性指数为1.96。21个ISSR引物扩增,检测出多态性位点共134个,平均每个引物6.38个位点,多态性位点比例达到98.53%。不同地理生态群组的遗传多样性不同,鲁中山前区处在山东半岛区与内陆区交界处,基因交流频繁,遗传多样性最高;滨湖洼地区受泰沂山系及南四湖的阻隔,限制了基因的交流,遗传多样性最低。将山东的29份与河北和山西的各1份共31份苍耳资源进行聚类分析,结果表明,山东省的苍耳资源与邻近省份有一定的基因交流,但存在自身的进化特点,已成为明显区别于其他地区的苍耳资源系统。Twenty-nine Xanthium sibiricum Patrin germplasm resources from different ecological regions in Shandong province were analyzed for the genetic diversity of seed traits and ISSR molecular markers in order to provide a basis for germpalsm research and genetic improvement. The results showed that the average kernel rate was 32. 20%,and coefficient of variation was 26. 66%,diversity index was 1. 94. The average oil content was 30. 03%,and coefficient of variation was 20. 85%,diversity index was 1. 94. The average hundred grain weight was 9. 95g and coefficient of variation was 33. 46%,diversity index is 1. 96. 134 polymorphic loci were detected through 21 ISSR primers amplification with 6. 38 loci per primer and the ratio of polymorphic loci was 98. 53%. Different geographic and ecological group of Xanthium showed different genetic diversity. The highest genetic diversity was found in Luzhong mountain area,located in the junction of Jiaodong peninsula and inland,where gene exchanges took place easily. The lowest gene diversity was found in Lakeside lowland area,where it was blocked by Thai-Yi Mountain and Nansi Lake,the exchange of gene was limited. 29 Xanthium sibiricum resources in Shandong province plus one each from Hebei province and Shanxi province,clustering analysis,the results showed that the Siberian cocklebur resources in Shandong province and neighboring provinces had certain genetic exchange,but had own characteristic,and evolved relatively independent genetic resources system.

关 键 词：苍耳 种质资源 ISSR 遗传多样性 遗传改良 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]