诺贝尔科学奖中的“人才链”及其启示  

The "talent chain" among Nobel prize laureates & its inspiring implications

作　　者：王荣德[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院,浙江313000

出　　处：《科学学研究》2000年第2期70-71,共2页Studies in Science of Science

摘　　要：诺贝尔科学奖是当今自然科学界公认的最高荣誉 ,2 0世纪至今为止的 4 56名诺贝尔科学奖获得者是 2 0世纪科学的“超级精英”。从科学学的观点来审视 ,我们会发现他 (她 )们中间存在着一个个的“人才链” ,正是通过这种“人才链” ,使使知识得以积累 ,学派得以形成 ,创新得以延续。文章分析指出 ,科学形成“人才链”的主要因素有 :科学大师是“人才链”的核心 ;不断创新是“人才链”的关键 ;宽松环境是“人才链”的土壤 ;“马太效应”是“人才链”的媒介。并认为 ,在面对世界科技飞速发展的挑战中 ,我们应该加强规划 ,找准方向 ,重点倾斜 ,培养帅才 ,自由探索 ,敢于创新 ,以形成自己的中国学派和“人才链” ,进而在世界高科技领域占有一席之地。At present, the Nobel Prize in the eyes of natural scientists is a mark of top glory for their lifelong careers. During the past 20th century, there were 456 scientists so far having won it and the laureates are deemed the 'prime of science'. Starting from such an overview, we may see that a 'talent chain' comes into being and through it, knowledge is being amassed, academic schools established and innovative schemes are mapped out and then put into effect. In this way, this paper tries to identify the formative factors in the making of the 'talent chain' from the perspective of educational sociology. First of all, trail-blazing scientists are the crystal cores in the formation of the chain while R&D projects of continuous innovation are its centerpiece or crucial part. In addition, a sound social setting including agreeable living conditions and a favorable working environment is the incubator for nurturing the growth of the chain. At last, the Mattei Effect is acting as the medium for breeding the chain. To answer the imminent challenge posed by the rapid S&T development across the world today, we have to perfect our innovation programs, seek new and correct R&D orientations and spare no effort in rearing promising youngsters so that our country is able to set foot in the international stage of high-tech development as a result of a 'talent chain' making its appearance in China.

关 键 词：诺贝尔科学浆 人才链 科研环境 高等教育 创新 

分 类 号：N19[自然科学总论]