关于弦论思想演化的考证与分析  

Analyzing the Historical Evolution of String Theory

作　　者：沈健[1] 桂起权[2] 

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院科技与社会发展研究所,广东梅州514015 [2]武汉大学哲学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2014年第3期71-77,共7页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"弦论的哲学研究"(11BZX033)

摘　　要：弦论的研究经历了一个曲折的历史过程,这个过程可以划分为四个阶段:弦概念的提出到玻色弦的繁荣,第一次弦论革命,第二次弦论革命以及弦论的新近拓展及应用。第一次革命所导致的弦论观是:弦论是寻求科学大统一最有前途的方法;弦论是一个理论体系,它包含5种不同的超弦理论,每一种理论要求具有10个维度和一个融贯的微扰展开。而第二次革命所带来的弦论观是:我们可以获得非微扰弦物理学;在弦论中存在各种对偶关系,凭借这种对偶关系,先前5种不同的弦论其实只是M-理论5个不同的微扰展开。弦论的新近发展则更多体现在理论的应用上,借助于各种膜概念,弦论可以很好地解释黑洞和宇宙学中的各种问题。There is a winding historical process in researching string theory. In my opinion, the process in which string theory has undergone several metamorphoses can be divided into four stages. In the first stage, the conception of string was raised and bosonic string flourished. In the second stage, the first superstring revolution （ 1984 - 85 ） occurred and a series of discoveries convinced many theorists that string theory is a very promising approach to unification. At the time, it was clear that there are five different superstring theories which are denoted type I, type II A, type ii B, E8× E8 heterotic string and SO （32） heterptic string. In the third stage, the second superstring revolution （ 1994 - 98 ） occurred. The revolution has brought non - perturbative string theory and many surprising dualities were discovered. These dualities have implied that what we viewed previously as five theories is in fact five different perturbative expansions of a single underlying theory （ M - theory）. The final stage includes many new applications of string theory such as explaining all kinds of issues in black holes and cosmology.

关 键 词：弦论 思想演化 历史考证 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]