RNA的尿苷化  

Uridylation of RNA

作　　者：谢兆辉[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]德州学院生命科学学院,德州253023 [2]山东省高校生物技术与生物资源利用重点实验室,德州253023 [3]山东功能大分子生物物理重点实验室,德州253023

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2014年第5期435-442,共8页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30901023)~~

摘　　要：很多RNA分子可以进行转录后修饰.最近的研究发现,末端无需模板的尿苷酸添加(尿苷化)可能就是一种广泛存在且保守,但以前了解甚少的RNA转录后修饰方式.这种修饰可以发生在从藻类到人类的很多RNA上,如多聚腺苷化的mRNA、siRNAs或miRNAs内切mRNA得到的上游片段、组蛋白mRNA、目前发现的大多数小调节RNAs、U6小核RNA(snRNA)、转录起点相关的小RNA和剪切的内含子等.这种修饰不仅具有重要的功能,如增强RNA的降解、促进或抑制RNA的加工形成、改变RNA的活性或作为mRNA的一种质量控制机制,而且还与人类的一些致病机制有关,如癌症.本文主要综述了小RNA、mRNA及其内切片段、组蛋白mRNA和U6 snRNA等RNA尿苷化的研究进展,并对相关研究的应用前景做了展望.Many RNAs can undergo post-transcriptional modifications, and recent studies have revealed that the nontemplated 3＇-end uridines addition（Uridylation） on RNAs may also be a ubiquitous and conserved modification mode previously underappreciated, which occurs in many RNA substrates, such as polyadenylated mRNA, 5＇ fragments of mRNA cleaved by siRNAs or miRNAs, histone mRNAs, most of currently discovered small RNAs, U6 snRNA, transcriptional start site-associated RNAs, spliced introns, and so on, ranging from algaes to humans. These modifications not only play important roles in marking RNA for degradation, promoting or inhibiting RNA biogenesis process, altering RNA activity efficiency and acting as a quality control mechanism of mRNA, but also associate with several human diseases, for example, cancer. In this review, recent achievements of uridylation on small RNAs, mRNA or its cleaved fragments, histone mRNAs and U6 snRNA will be discussed. The applicative perspective of these modifications will be discussed.

关 键 词：尿苷化 小RNA MRNA 组蛋白mRNA U6小核RNA 疾病 

分 类 号：Q753[生物学—分子生物学] Q291