祁连山老虎沟冰芯记录的高山区大气降水变化  

Variations of the alpine precipitation during 1960-2006 recorded in Laohugou ice core in western Qilian Mountains, China

作　　者：秦翔[1] 崔晓庆[1] 杜文涛[1] 任贾文[1] 陈记祖[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/祁连山冰川与生态环境综合观测研究站,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《地理学报》2014年第5期681-689,共9页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划(2013CBA01801);国家自然科学基金(41371091,41201067,41301064);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题(SKLCS-ZZ-2012-01-05)~~

摘　　要：冰芯所记录的积累量是恢复高山区过去降水变化最可靠的指标。2006年在青藏高原东北缘祁连山老虎沟12号冰川粒雪盆海拔5040 m处钻取了的一支20.12 m的冰芯,利用其年积累量估算了1960-2006年期间的冰川区降水量,结合2010年实测资料,分析了这一时期降水变化特征并研究其与周边其他地区降水变化的关系。结果表明,在过去50年中,高山冰川区降水量表现出先增加后减少的趋势。在1960-1980年,降水量表现出明显增加趋势,1980-2006年表现出明显减小趋势。重建的冰川区降水量变化与临近低海拔区的肃北气象站降水变化有很好的一致性,二者相关系数为0.619(P<0.001),而量级上高山区是低山区的约3倍。祁连山老虎沟冰川区降水与周边的敦德冰芯同期的累积量、树轮重建降水、青藏高原东北部多个气象站点的实测降水,以及临近区域格点PDSI干旱指数变化对应较好。此外,近50年来祁连山老虎沟冰川区及毗邻的青藏高原东北部地区降水变化与ENSO呈正相关关系明显,反映了该地区高海拔大气降水变化很可能受ENSO的影响。The accumulation record of ice core is one of the most reliable indicators for reconstructing precipitation changes in high mountains. A 20.12 m ice core was drilled in 2006 from the accumulation zone of Laohugou Glacier No.12 in northeast Tibetan Plateau, China. We obtained the precipitation from the ice core net accumulation during the past 50 years, and found out the relationship between ice core record and other data from surrounding sites. Results showed that during 1960-2006, the precipitation in the high mountains firstly increased and then decreased. In 1960-2006, precipitation showed a significant increasing trend, while, from 1980 to 2006 it showed a decreasing trend. Reconstruction of the precipitation changes in the glacier was consistent with the measured data from the weather station in low mountain of Subei, and the correlation coefficient was 0.619 （P 〈 0.001）; however, the magnitude in the high mountains was three times higher than that of the low mountain. The precipitation of Laohugou Glacier No.12 corresponded well to the amount of accumulation of the Dunde ice cores in the same period, tree-ring reconstruction of precipitation, the measured data of multiple meteorological stations in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and the changes of adjacent PDSI drought index. Precipitation changes of Laohugou Glacier and the northeastern Tibetan Plateau had significantly positive correlation with ENSO, which reflected the regional alpine precipitation change was likely to be influenced by ENSO.

关 键 词：祁连山 老虎沟 冰芯记录 冰川净积累量 气候 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]