杭州城郊养殖场畜禽粪便主要养分及有害物质分析  

Analysis on main nutrients and hazardous substance of both pig and poultry manures from farms in Hangzhou suburbs

作　　者：王丽[1,2] 陈光才[2] 宋秋华[3] 汪庆兵[2] 李泽波[2] 张建锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学冶金与化学工程学院,赣州341000 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400 [3]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2014年第2期85-89,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：浙江省公益技术项目(2010C33188)资助

摘　　要：应用常规化学分析方法测定了杭州城郊养殖场的17个畜禽粪样(10个猪粪,7个鸡粪)的养分及重金属含量,并应用固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法对其中的残留抗生素进行了测定。结果表明:养殖场畜禽粪中含有丰富的有机质和总氮、总磷、总钾等养分;Cr、Ni、Cd、Hg、Pb等重金属元素含量较低,但是Cu、Zn含量普遍较高,As、Cu和Zn含量分别为0.44~80.99 mg/kg、16.20~911.93 mg/kg和80.46~4 989.36 mg/kg;与我国农用污泥污染物控制的国家标准(GB 4284-1984)相比,畜禽粪中As、Cu和Zn的超标率分别为35.3%、17.6%和35.3%;畜禽粪中四环素类、喹诺酮类和磺胺二甲嘧啶的含量分别为0.13~66.62 mg/kg、ND^2.71mg/kg和ND^0.02 mg/kg(ND代表未检出),四环素类、喹诺酮类和磺胺二甲嘧啶在畜禽粪中的检出率分别为100%、58.82%和47.01%。因此,养殖场畜禽粪中有害成分对农田施用后存在潜在的危害性,使用前应对畜禽粪进行无害化处理。Ten pig manure samples and seven chicken manure samples from the intensive farms in Hangzhou suburbs were determined by conventional chemical analysis in terms of nutrient elements and heavy metals, and their antibiotic residues were also detected by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that the manures were rich in organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium;They were relatively low in Cr,Ni,Cd, Hg and Pb contents but generally high in Cu and Zn contents;The As, Cu and Zn contents were 0.44 - 80.99 mg/kg, 16.20 - 911.93 mg/kg and 80.46 - 4 989.36 mg/kg respectively, being respectively 35.3%, 17.6% and 35.3% in excess of the national standard（GB 4284-1984） ; The contents of tetracyclines （TCs）, quinolones （QUs） and sulfadimidine （SM2） were respectively 0. 13 - 66.62,ND- 2.71 and ND- 0.02 mg/kg（ND： undetected）,and the detection rates of TCs,QUs and SM2 in the manure samples were 100%, 58.82% and 47.01% respectively. Therefore, the manures should be treated harmlessly before application of them to farmland.

关 键 词：畜粪 禽粪 养分 重金属 抗生素 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]