山茶属部分组间远缘杂交亲和性初探  

Cross Compatibility in the Interspecies Cross between Some Sections in Genus Camellia

作　　者：胡禾丰 张亚利[2] 郭卫珍[1] 叶康[2] 莫建彬[2] 刘燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院/国家花卉工程技术研究中心,北京100083 [2]上海植物园,上海200231

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2014年第2期338-343,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(11391901102)

摘　　要：为培育芳香繁密的茶花新品种,研究以具有芳香、开花繁密特性的山茶属(Camellia)连蕊茶组(Sect.Theopsis)、植物为主要亲本,分别与金花茶组(Sect.Chrysantha)、古茶组(Sect.Archecamellia)和红山茶组(Sect.Camellia)的部分种及品种进行远缘杂交试验;并通过荧光显微技术观察杂交授粉后花粉管行为。结果表明:以连蕊茶组(Sect.Theopsis)为母本的杂交组合,其座果率均为0,表现出严重不亲和性。荧光观察显示花粉管萌发后伸长缓慢且难以定向生长,并出现花粉管扭曲或先端膨大、胼胝质堆积、呈"S"型回折或节状生长现象;杂交组合毛花连蕊茶(C.fraterna)×金花茶(C.Nitidissma)的花粉管生长情况好于毛花连蕊茶(C.fraterna)×越南抱茎茶(C.amplexicaulis)、毛花连蕊茶(C.fraterna)×杜鹃红山茶(C.azalea)组合。In order to produce new aromatic cultivars with bloom brilliance ,distant crossbreeding was con-ducted by using species of Sect .Theopsis as female parents and C.Nitidissma（ Sect.Chrysantha）,C.amplexi-caulis（Sect.ArcheCamellia）,original species and cultivars of Sect .Camellia as male parents.Fluorescent mi-croscopy was used to observe pollen tubes ’ behavior .The results showed that 0%fruit-set rate appeared in all crosses with species of Sect .Theopsis as female parents.Pollen germinated slowly and grew horizontally ’not di-rected towards ovary , displaying a series of abnormal behavior including distorted or apex inflated , folded or twisty pollen tubes ,‘S’ shape or nodular growth ,and lots of callose depositiing .The pollen tube grew better in the cross C.fraterna×C.Nitidissma than in the other two crosses .

关 键 词：山茶属 远缘杂交 花粉管 胼胝质 荧光显微 

分 类 号：S685.14[农业科学—观赏园艺]