七种除草剂防除冬油菜田杂草的效果比较  

Comparing the Efficacies of Seven Herbicides in Winter Oilseed Rape Field

作　　者：陈坤荣[1] 王婧[1] 王成玉 胡胜武[3] 任莉[1] 刘凡[1] 方小平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,武汉430062 [2]鄂州市植物保护站,湖北鄂州436000 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第3期569-571,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代油菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-13);国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAD01B04)

摘　　要：比较研究了3种土壤封闭型除草剂和4种茎叶处理型除草剂防除油菜（Brassica campestris）田杂草的效果。结果表明,3种土壤封闭型除草剂中乙草胺对杂草的防治效果最好,其次为异松·乙草胺和异丙甲草胺。乙草胺525 g/hm2和1 050 g/hm2喷药60 d后杂草综合株防效和鲜重防效均在92.0%以上。4种茎叶处理型除草剂中,氟吡甲禾灵和精喹禾灵对禾本科杂草的防效稳定,2009、2010年喷药60 d后株防效达94.9%～99.3%。烯草酮和草除灵·精喹禾灵对杂草防效受土壤类型和环境因素影响较大,2009年在鄂州市沙窝村喷药60 d后综合株防效和鲜重防效分别达85.9%～100.0%和89.9%～100.0%;2010年在中国农业科学院油料作物研究所试验基地喷药60 d后综合株防效和鲜重防效仅为47.6%～64.3%和53.5%～72.3%。The efficacies of 3 pre-emergence and 4 post-emergence herbicides on weed control in winter Brassica campestris field were comparatively investigated. The results showed that 50% Acetochlor EC was the most effective, followed by Clonazone-acetochlor EC and Metolachlor EC among 3 pre-emergence herbicides. The controlling effects of Acetochlor EC at 525 g/hm2and 1 050 g/hm2on weed number and dry weight were more than 92% after spraying 60 d. Among 4 post-emergence herbicides, Haloxyfop-R-methyl and Quizalofop-P-ethyl had stable controlling effect on gramineous weeds. The control effects of weed numbers on gramineous weeds were 94.9% ～99.3% after spraying 60 d in 2009 and 2010. The control effects of Clethodim and Benazolin ·quizalofop-P- ethyl varied greatly based on soil types and environmental factors. The controlling effects were 85.9% ～100.0% and 89.9% ～100.0% in Shawo village in Ezhou in 2009. The controlling effects were 47.6% ～ 64.3% and 53.5%～72.3% after spraying 60 d in oilseed plant fields at Hubei academy of agricultural sciences in 2010.

关 键 词：除草剂 杂草 防治效果 油菜(Brassica campestris)田 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] S451.224