不同利用条件下羊草草原土壤理化性质与地上生物量的相关分析  

Correlation Analysis of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Aboveground Biomass in Leymus chinensis Grassland for Different Utilization

作　　者：杨晓刚[1] 乌仁其其格[1] 黄振艳[1] 李杰[1] 王力达[1] 

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔学院生命科学与化学学院,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021008

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第3期624-626,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项资金资助项目(201306060);呼伦贝尔学院青年项目资金资助项目(YJQN2C201223)

摘　　要：对重度放牧牧场、打草场和封育的呼伦贝尔羊草（Leymus chinensis）草原的土壤理化性质与地上生物量进行了相关分析。结果表明,在围封状态下,土壤速效磷、10～20 cm含水量以及地上生物量湿重均与地上生物量干重呈强正相关,而地上生物量湿重与地上生物量干重呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,0～10 cm容重与地上生物量干重呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）。在打草场中,速效磷、速效氮、0～10 cm容重及地上生物量湿重与地上生物量干重均呈强正相关,且地上生物量湿重与地上生物量干重呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）,0～10 cm含水量、10～20 cm含水量及10～20 cm容重与地上生物量干重呈弱正相关,有机质与地上生物量干重呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）。在重度放牧牧场中,地上生物量湿重与地上生物量干重呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,铵态氮、10～20 cm容重与地上生物量干重呈弱正相关,0～10 cm容重与地上生物量干重呈强负相关。由此得出,作为围封草原为了增加地上生物量应将施磷肥、松土作为草原土壤改良主要措施;重度放牧牧场应将施氮肥和松土作为草原土壤恢复措施;打草场应将施磷肥、氮肥及松土作为草原土壤恢复措施。The soil physicochemical properties and aboveground biomass at heavy grazing grassland, pruning grassland and enclosure grassland in Hulun Buir Leymus chinensis grassland were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the phosphorus, 10 ～20 cm water content and aboveground biomass wet weight in enclosure showed strong positive correlation with aboveground biomass dry weight. The correlation between wet weight and dry weight of aboveground biomass was extremely positive（P0.01）. 0～10 cm bulk density showed a significant negative correlation with aboveground biomass（P0.05）. In the pruning grassland, the phosphorus, available nitrogen, 0 ～10 cm bulk density, aboveground biomass wet weight all showed strong positive correlation with dry weight of aboveground biomass. 0～10 cm and 10～20 cm water content and 10～20 cm bulk density showed weak positive correlation with dry weight of aboveground biomass. And the organic matter and aboveground biomass dry weight were significantly negative correlation（P0.05）. In heavy grazing grassland, the wet weight and dry weight of aboveground biomass showed extremely positive correlation（P0.01）. The total nitrogen and 10～20 cm bulk density presented weak positive correlation with aboveground biomass dry weight. 0 ～10 cm bulk density showed a strong negative correlation with aboveground dry weight. It indicated that phosphate fertilizer and scarification should be regarded as main indicators of soil restoration to increase aboveground biomass in enclosed grassland, and nitrogen fertilizer and scarification in heavy grazing pasture, as well as phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer in pruning grassland.

关 键 词：退化草原 土壤理化性质 地上生物量 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]