固氮解磷解钾牛粪菌肥制作与工艺优化  

The Production and Process Optimization of Cow Dung Bacteria Fertilizer with Nitrogen Fixation, Decomposition for Phosphorus and Potassium

作　　者：方华舟[1] 张婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]荆楚理工学院生物工程学院,湖北荆门448000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第3期635-640,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2010-97-299)

摘　　要：以一种芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)、木霉(Trichoderma sp.)及曲霉(Aspergillus sp.)组成自制腐熟菌剂,以圆褐固氮菌(Azotobacter chroococcum)、巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megatherium)、胶质样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mucilaginosus)组成功能菌剂,在对新鲜牛粪一次发酵充分腐熟的基础上,以功能菌剂不同接种量对腐熟牛粪进行二次发酵,以探索和优化牛粪菌肥制作工艺及流程。结果表明,自制腐熟菌剂升温迅速、高温期长、腐熟效果良好;二次发酵功能菌株数量、发芽指数、发酵时间、主要速效肥力效果、发酵过程控制等方面,0.5%接种量明显优于0.1%接种量,与1.0%接种量相接近。说明功能菌剂二次发酵接种量以0.5%较为适宜,以充分腐熟牛粪为发酵基质,可生产优质有机菌肥。The technology and process of cow dung bacteria fertilizer were studied and optimized through secondary fermentation of maturity cow dung with different dose of function bacteria based on primary fermentation of fresh cow dung with self-made maturity bacteria of Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp.. The functional bacteria agents were made of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus. The results showed that the self-made maturity presented good effect on rapidly warm-up, high temperature period and maturity. When inoculum was 0.5%, the functional bacteria number, germination index, fermentation time, main effect of quick-acting fertility, fermentation process control in secondary fermentation were much better than those in 0.1% inoculum and approach to those in 1.0% inoculum. It indicated that 0.5% inoculum of functional bacteria agent was suitable in secondary fermentation, and could be used to produce high quality organic bacterial fertilizer based on adequately matured cow dung.

关 键 词：牛粪 功能菌肥 制作 工艺优化 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]