云南辣椒种植区土壤中总砷的水平分布特征及其影响因素分析  

The Horizontal Distribution and Influencing Factors of the Total Arsenic in Soil in Chilli Pepper Production Areas in Yunnan

作　　者：杨四坤[1,2] 祖艳群[2] 李元[2] 卫志宏[1] 段能 

机构地区：[1]中国大理洱海湖泊研究中心,云南大理671000 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境科学学院,云南昆明650201 [3]大理市洱海管理局,云南大理671000

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期380-385,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41261096)

摘　　要：为充分了解研究区土壤砷质量分数的分布特征,为该区今后辣椒的种植以及控As提供一定的理论和实践依据,采集耕层（0 ～20 cm）土样,运用地统计学对云南省两大辣椒主产区天星和树皮的土壤总砷的水平分布特征及其影响因素进行研究.结果表明：（1）天星土壤总砷平均值为54.38 mg/kg（34.76～94.08 mg/kg）,94.5％的土样总砷质量分数超过国家环境质量二级标准;树皮总砷平均值为30.89 mg/kg（12.81～60.09 mg/kg）,10.5％土样总砷质量分数超过国家环境质量二级标准.（2）天星总砷质量分数的水平分布表现为公路和两旁田间小山丘附近的采样点砷的质量分数明显高于其他区域,而树皮镇附近土壤中总砷质量分数相对较高.土壤总砷质量分数主要由系统因素决定.（3）土壤pH值、有机质及土壤质地对土壤总砷质量分数均存在不同程度的影响,土壤pH值与砷存在负相关关系,土壤有机质与砷存在正相关关系,不同质地土壤中,黏重的土壤总砷质量分数高.总之,辣椒生产区土壤存在一定程度的砷污染,砷质量分数的水平分布与土壤的pH值、有机质质量分数和质地等因素有关.In order to understand the distribution characteristics of soil arsenic content and provide a theoretical and practical basis for pepper cultivation and As control,some 209 random sampling points in topsoil （0～20 cm） from two chilli pepper production areas （Tianxing and Shupi） in Yunnan province were collected.Geostatistical methods were used to analyze horizontal distribution and influencing factors of soil total arsenic.The results showed that：（1） Mean content of total arsenic in Tianxing was 54.38 mg/kg,ranging from 34.76 to 94.08 mg/kg.Some 94.5% of the soil samples exceeded 2nd grade standard value of National Soil Environmental Quality Standards of China; Mean content of total arsenic in Shupi was 30.89 mg/kg,ranging from 12.81 to 60.09 mg/kg.Some 10.5% of the soil samples exceeded 2nd grade standard value of National Soil Environmental Quality Standards of China.（2） The horizontal distribution of total arsenic in Tianxing showed gradually accumulated tendency along the road,which was obviously higher than that at other areas,especially near the hills.The total arsenic contents at Shupi were relatively higher than at other areas.The total arsenic content was mainly influenced by system factors.（3） The horizontal distribution of As was influenced by soil pH,organic matter （OM） and soil texture.Significant negative correlation between As content and pH value was observed.Significant positive correlation between As content and soil OM was observed.Soil As content was related to soil texture,especially soil clay content.In general,As pollution exits in soil of chilli pepper production areas.The horizontal distribution of total arsenic is correlated with soil pH,OM and texture.

关 键 词：土壤 总砷 水平分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]