社区慢性病防治知识培训对居民不良生活方式的干预效果研究  

Evaluation of the Training Effect about the Chronic Disease Prevention for Changing the Lifestyles in Community Residents

作　　者：陈晓[1] 刘钢[2] 张向东[2] 张国红[2] 邓小虹[3] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学卫生管理与教育学院,北京100069 [2]北京市社区卫生服务管理中心,北京100032 [3]北京市卫生局,北京100053

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2014年第5期29-30,33,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的研究社区慢性病防治知识培训对居民不良生活方式的干预效果。方法选取北京市2011年家庭保健员培养对象1 686人作为研究对象(培训组),选取与研究对象在同一社区但同期未参加慢性病相关知识培训的1 668名居民作为对照组。培训组给予慢性病防治知识培训,对照组给予常规干预方案。培训后,比较两组居民在吸烟、饮酒等不良生活方式方面的变化,对影响培训组不良生活方式干预效果的相关因素进行分析。结果培训后,培训组的不良生活方式如吸烟≥10支/天、饮酒≥2次/周、不参加锻炼、食用油超标率和食盐超标率分别下降了4.6%、3.0%、9.6%、12.9%和15.2%,下降率高于对照组的3.9%、2.1%、5.4%、8.0%和11.1%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、性别、是否患有慢病以及文化程度高低是影响居民不良生活方式干预效果的因素。结论慢性病防治知识培训对不良生活方式有一定干预效果;女性、年龄小于60岁者和文化程度高的非慢性病居民干预效果较明显,应作为下一步"家庭保健员"的优先培养对象。OBJECTIVE To study the effect of the training about the knowledge of community chronic disease prevention for the lifestyles of the residents. METHODS Totally 1 686 family health workers in Beijing on 2011 were selected as subjects（the training group）, and1 668 residents that stay in the same community and without participating in the training of chronic disease in the same time was the control group. The training group was given chronic disease knowledge training, and those in the control group were given community conventional intervention. After the training, the changes of bad lifestyles like smoking and drinking of the two groups were compared.RESULTS After the training, the lifestyles of training group such as daily smoking more than 10, drinking more than 2 times a week,never practice, exceeding rate about daily cooking oil and salt decreased by 4.6%, 3%, 9.6%, 12.9% and 15.2%, were higher than those by 2.1%, 5.4%, 3.9% 8% and 11.1% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex, whether chronic disease or not and the degree of culture are the factors influencing the bad lifestyles of the residents. CONCLUSION There is a certain effect of the knowledge about chronic disease prevention for the bad lifestyles. The priority of the family health workers plan would better to choose the female, age under 60 and high degree of culture.

关 键 词：社区卫生 慢性病防治 不良生活方式 干预效果 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]