黑龙江省黑土区近52年降水时空变化  

Analysis of spatial-temporal precipitation variation in black soil area of Heilongjiang Province in recent 52 years

作　　者：孙彦坤[1] 王倩[1] 张立友 李维海 高见 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]吉林省白城人工增雨基地,吉林白城137000 [3]黑龙江省黑河市气象局,黑龙江黑河164300 [4]黑龙江省肇源县气象局,黑龙江大庆166500

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2014年第5期69-74,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：UNDP绿色发展项目(CPR/06/209)

摘　　要：依据黑龙江省黑土区24个市县1961～2012年降水量资料,利用ArcGIS9.2、通过空间插值分析、趋势性分析方法,从时间和空间上分析黑龙江省黑土区降水时空变化特征。研究结果表明,①黑龙江省黑土区近52年降水量呈现中部高、东西部低的特点。52年降水量变化趋势不明显,但存在波动变化特点。年平均降水量为515.38 mm,每年降水量减少0.0480 mm。②黑土区近52年四个季节平均降水量由西向东逐渐增大。夏季降水量最大,为345.50 mm；冬季降水量最小,为11.62 mm。春、秋季平均降水量分别为71.40、91.36 mm。52年春季和冬季降水量有显著增加趋势,夏季和秋季有微弱下降趋势。③52年黑土区年代平均降水量总体减少,高降水区域面积缩小。1980s平均降水量最高为544.19 mm,1970s最低为478.64 mm。Based on the daily precipition data in the 24 meteorological stations in the black soil area in Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2012 and with ArcGIS 9.2, Spatial Interpolation Analysis, this paper makes an analysis of the chronic and spatial precipition features in the black soil areas. It showed that, ③ It showed that the precipition of middle years were higher and both sides were lower in black soil area of Hei longjiang Province inr nearly 52 years. The trend changes of precipitation in the black soil area were not significant in 52 years,showing fluctuation characteristics. The average annual precipation was 515.38 mm, the precipition decreased about 0.0480 mm every year. ③ Judging from the various seasons, The annual precipition increased gradually from west to east during the period of52 years. the precipition of summer was the highest, the average precipition of summer was 345.50mm; the precipition of winner was the lowest, the average precipition of winner was 11.62 mm; the spring was 71.40 mm; the autumn was 91.36 mm. The linear increase trend was significant in spring and winter,but decrease trend in summer and autumn were not obvious. ③ Inter-decadal variation of precipitation in black soil area in 52 years decreased as a whole, the area of higher precition was shrink gradually. The average precipition was the highest in 1980s, it was 544.19 mm; The average precipition was the lowest in 1970s, It was 478.64 mm.

关 键 词：黑土区 ARCGIS 降水量 时空分布 

分 类 号：S162.1[农业科学—农业气象学] P468.024[农业科学—农业基础科学]