液压支架密封圈用聚氨酯弹性体的性能  

Performance of polyurethane elastomer materials for seal ring of hydraulic support

作　　者：赵雨花[1] 王军威[1] 亢茂青[1] 殷宁[1] 贾林才[2] 王心葵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,太原030001 [2]山西省化工研究所,太原030021

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2014年第3期182-187,共6页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项资助项目(20121101017)

摘　　要：采用不同游离甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)含量的预聚体和不同结构的二胺扩链剂3,3'-二氯-4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷(MOCA)、3,5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺(E-300)和4,4'-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺)(MCDEA)制备了一系列用于液压支架密封的聚氨酯(PU)弹性体,考察了游离TDI含量及不同扩链剂对PU弹性体物理机械性能、热性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,采用相同预聚体时,对于不同的扩链剂,当扩链系数为95%时,PU弹性体的综合性能最佳;以MCDEA为扩链剂制得PU弹性体的邵尔A硬度、弹性和定伸应力最高,扯断伸长率最低,低温动态性能最好,而撕裂强度和玻璃化转变温度则以E-300为扩链剂制得的PU弹性体最低,拉伸强度相差较小;以MCDEA和MOCA为扩链剂制得PU弹性体的耐热性优于以E-300为扩链剂制得的PU弹性体;以MOCA为扩链剂制得PU弹性体的高温动态性能最好;采用相同扩链剂时,随着预聚体中游离TDI含量的降低,PU弹性体的弹性、定伸应力、撕裂强度和动态性能提高,扯断伸长率降低和永久变形减小,拉伸强度相差较小。A series of polyurethane-ureas （PU） elastomers for sealing ring of hydraulic support were prepared from prepolymers with different free toluene diisocyanate（TDI） contents and various amine chain extenders,including methylene bisorthochloroaniline （MOCA）,two kinds of dimethylthi toluene diamine （E-300） and 4,4＇-methylenebis （3-chloro-2,6-diethylaniline） （MCDEA）.The influence of free TDI content in prepolymer and chain extender structure on the mechanical properties,thermal stability and dynamical mechanical properties of PU elastomers were investigated.The results showed that PU elastomer had the best overall performance when the chain extension coefficient for all chain extenders was 95 ％ in the same prepolymer.PU elastomer prepared with MCDEA showed the highest Shore A hardness,resilience and modulus,but the lowest elongation at break and the best dynamical mechanicl properties at low temperature,the lowest tear strength and the lowest glass transition temperature were observed from that manufactured with E-300,and their tensile strength was similar.The thermal stability of PU elastomer prepared with MCDEA and MOCA was superior to that of PU elastomer prepared with E-300.PU elastomer made with MOCA displayed the best dynamic mechanical properties at high temperature.For the PU elastomers prepared with same chain extender,the resilience,modulus,tear strength and dynamic mechanical properties enhanced,the elongation at break and permanent set decreased,the tensile strength was slightly changed with the decrease of free TDI in prepolymer.

关 键 词：预聚体 扩链剂 液压支架 密封圈 聚氨酯弹性体 物理机械性能 热性能 动态力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ334.1[化学工程—橡胶工业]