新疆马先蒿属植物区系特征  

Species Diversity and Geographical Distribution of Pedicularis( Orobanchaceae) in Xinjiang

作　　者：李文军[1,2] 管开云[1,3] 段士民[1] 冯缨[1] 卓露[1,2] 布海丽且姆.阿卜杜热合曼 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2014年第3期536-541,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：NSFC-新疆联合基金(U1303201)

摘　　要：马先蒿属（Pedicularis）植物极具观赏价值和药用价值。根据钟补求提出的马先蒿属新系统,新疆马先蒿属植物共有29种,分属6群,14系。新疆分布的马先蒿属植物的特征：①种类少,占国产马先蒿属植物的8.24%,且特有现象不明显;②集中分布于少数群,之形花群（Sigmantha）、直管群（Orthosiphonia）和无枝群（Apocladus）共有25种,占新疆马先蒿属种类的86.21%。拥有最多种的系是无枝群的多毛系,共10种;③该属在新疆的水平分布与新疆境内主要山系相吻合,垂直分布海拔跨度较大,在900～5 180 m;④新疆马先蒿属植物区系与国内邻近省区联系不是很紧密,但与国外某些邻近地区联系紧密,特别是俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦,共有种分别占新疆马先蒿属植物总数的58.62%和51.72%。According to the system of Tsoong P C, there are 29 species in 14 series of 6 grexes in the genus of Pedicularis distributed in Xinjiang, the area where the species of this genus were firstly explored in China. The characteristics of Pedicularis in Xinjiang can be summarized as follows： （1） The species richness is poor, constitu- ting 8.24% species of the total in China with 3 endemic species ; （2） The species in this area are mainly in three grexes, i.e. the Sigmantha, Orthosiphonia and Apocladus, which account for 86.21% of the total species in Xin- jiang, in which 10 species are in Ser. Comosae of Apocladus and account for a high proportion in the total ; （3） The horizontal distribution forms a E-shaped pattern and fits to the main mountain systems in Xinjiang, and the vertical distribution is in a big range from 900 m to 5 180 m a. s. l. ; （4） The species have a great community with the spe- cies distributed also in adjacent countries, especially in Russia and Kazakhstan, the common species account for 58.62% and 51.72% respectively, which implies their floristic relationship. However, the floristic links with the neighboring provinces of China are relatively weak.

关 键 词：马先蒿属(Pedicularis LINN ) 植物区系 地理分布 物种多样性 新疆 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]