沙漠地区不同下垫面近地表沙尘水平通量研究  

Near-surface Horizontal Sand-dust Flux over Different Underlying Surfaces in a Desert

作　　者：杨兴华[1,2] 何清[1,2] 霍文[1,2] 艾力.买买提依明 刘新春 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站,新疆塔中841000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2014年第3期564-569,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM201103);中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2010014)

摘　　要：沙漠地区近地表水平输送的沙尘物质通量及其随高度的变化特征直接影响着沙尘的输送过程。选择塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中地区的典型沙丘、平沙地为观测点,利用BSNE集沙仪,对2008—2009年11次典型沙尘天气过程中近地表0～200 cm不同高度层沙尘物质的水平输送进行了测量,对其随高度变化特征进行分析,计算近地表水平运动的总沙尘通量。结果表明：近地表0～200 cm范围内,在沙丘顶部和平沙地沙尘水平通量均随高度呈显著降低趋势,在这2种下垫面条件下,沙尘水平通量随高度的变化均较好地符合幂函数关系;在沙丘顶部,通过100 cm（宽度）×200 cm（高度）空间断面的总沙尘水平通量为3 721.0 kg,平沙地通过相同大小断面的沙尘水平通量为2 252.9 kg,比沙丘顶部减少了39.5%;沙丘顶部与平沙地PM80的总水平通量分别为996.8 kg和678.9 kg。Aeolian sand-dust transport is a serious problem in many arid regions in the world, and it is considered to be the significant part of global biogeochemical cycles. Deserts are the main sources of aeolian sand-dust trans- port in the near-surface air layer, and aeolian sand-dust transport process is closely related to the variation of hori- zontal sand-dust flux near ground surface with the height. In this study, the samples were collected with BSNE samplers, the data of horizontal sand-dust flux over sand dune top and level sandland in hinterland of the Taklima- kan Desert were analyzed, and the variation of horizontal sand-dust flux within 200 cm above the ground surface with the height was researched. The results indicated that, in the near-surface air layer in a range of 0 -200 em, the intensity of horizontal flux of aeolian sand-dust decreased significantly with the increase of the height over sand dune top and level sandland. Over the two different underlying surfaces, the change of horizontal sand-dust flux with the height obeyed the power function well. The total flux of aeolian sand-dust passing through a section of 100 cm × 200 cm was 3 721.0 kg over sand dune top, but 2 252.9 kg over level sandland and reduced by 39.5% compared with that over sand dune top. The horizontal fluxes of aeolian sand-dust of PMs0 over sand dune top and level sandland were 996.8 kg and 678.9 kg respectively.

关 键 词：地表 沙尘输送 水平通量 塔克拉玛干沙漠 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]