巷旁深切缝对顶部岩层应力控制作用研究  

Stress control of deep cutting along roadway over roof rock

作　　者：刘正和[1] 杨录胜[1] 宋选民[1] 赵阳升[1] 冯增朝[1] 杨栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学采矿工艺研究所,山西太原030024

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2014年第3期347-353,共7页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB13B04);山西省青年科技研究基金项目(2012021022-4)

摘　　要：当煤层顶板中存在1层或者数层坚硬岩层时,随着工作面采高的增加,侧向岩层应力集中范围增大,导致护巷煤柱宽度增大。为了减小护巷煤柱宽度,提出顶板切缝减小护巷煤柱宽度的技术原理。采用相似模拟和数值模拟实验,对巷旁顶板不同切缝深度的岩层应力传递控制作用进行了系统的研究,揭示了切缝深度对岩层破裂和顶板下沉的影响。结果表明:随着切缝深度的增加,煤柱上方岩层应力逐渐减小,层位越高,应力越小;工作面侧向采空区顶板下沉量增大,采空区岩层应力逐渐增加,层位越高,应力越大;煤柱上方10,20 m岩层应力峰值、峰值点距切缝边缘距离与切缝深度呈非线性反比关系;采空区上方10,20 m岩层应力与切缝深度呈指数关系,说明深度切缝可以有效控制岩层应力分布、应力峰值及峰值点距切缝边缘的距离。When there is a layer or several layers of hard rock seam roof, the stress concentration in lateral rock increases with increase of mining height, which leads to the widening of the roadway coal pillars. In order to reduce the width of the roadway coal pillars, a technological principle of cutting dif-ferent depth fracture along roadway in roof is proposed. A systematic study of the surrounding rock stress transfer and control is conducted through similar simulation and numerical simulation when road-side roof has been cut at different depth. The impact of cutting fracture depth on strata breakage and roof sinking is revealed. The results show that：with the increase of kerf depth, the rock stress of goaf decreases gradually;the higher the rock strata is, the smaller the stress is. With the increase of cutting fracture height of the lateral goaf roof, the rock stress above the coal pillars increases gradually; the higher the rock strata is, the bigger the stress becomes. The rock stress above the coal pillars（10 m and 20 m） and the distance from peak stress to cutting fracture edge are in nonlinear inverse relationship with cutting depth. While the strata stress at 10 m and 20 m above the goaf shows an exponential rela-tionship with cutting depth. It means that the deep cutting can effectively control the distribution of strata stress, stress maximum and the distance of peak point from the edge of cutting fracture.

关 键 词：顶板 应力传递 切缝深度 岩层应力分布 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]