团头鲂种质资源及遗传改良研究进展  

Research advances on germplasm resources and genetic improvement of blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)

作　　者：高泽霞[1,2] 王卫民[1,2] 蒋恩明 陈柏湘 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院/农业动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室/农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430070 [3]湖北百容水产良种有限公司,黄冈438800

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2014年第3期138-144,共7页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31201988);国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-46-05);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2011PY023和2013PY066);海大集团团头鲂育种专项

摘　　要：团头鲂作为中国特有的优良草食性鱼类,现已成为主要淡水水产养殖品种之一。然而多年来的人工繁殖、过度捕捞、环境污染等因素,导致团头鲂种质资源出现混杂并受到衰退的威胁,开展团头鲂种质资源保护和遗传改良研究势在必行。本文总结了团头鲂形态学、细胞遗传学、分子群体遗传学和基因组等种质资源研究方面的成果,并简要概括了杂交育种、选择育种、雌核发育等方法在团头鲂遗传改良方面所取得的进展,以期为团头鲂种业的可持续发展提供基础资料。Blunt snout bream（Megalobrama amblycephala）is an herbivorous freshwater fish native to China and has been recognized as a main aquaculture species in the Chinese freshwater polyculture system with high economic value.However,as a consequence of fast domestication,over-fishing and water pollution,germplasm resources of M.amblycephalaare under threat of recession.It is urgent to study its germplasm resources and genetic improvement.The present paper summarized the major results in studies on morphology,cytogenetics,molecular population genetics and genomics of M.amblycephala,as well as the progress on its genetic improvement through hybridization,selective breeding and gynogenesis techniques,which would offer the basic resources for the sustainable development of M.amblycephala seed industry.

关 键 词：团头鲂 种质资源 遗传改良 种业 发展 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]