新生儿股静脉与头皮静脉采血方法的对比研究及护理  

The Comparative Study and Nursing for Newborn Femoral Vein and Scalp Venous Sampling Method

作　　者：陈伟霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省汕头市第二人民医院,广东汕头515000

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2014年第15期108-110,共3页Medical Innovation of China

基　　金：汕头市重点科技计划项目(汕府科[2008]85号)

摘　　要：目的:研究新生儿股静脉与头皮静脉釆血方法之间的差异,为临床提高新生儿抽血成功率提供资料支持,并总结相应的护理经验。方法:选取2009年11月-2012年11月本院收治的120例需采集血液标本的新生患儿,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各60例,所有患儿均使用头皮针采血,观察组选取股静脉采血,对照组选取头皮静脉采血。观察比较两组患儿平均采血时间、一次性成功率及并发症发生情况。结果:对照组和观察组的平均穿刺时间分别为(3.6±1.6)min和(3.4±1.2)min,比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.775,P>0.05)。观察组的一次性成功率95.0%(57/60)明显高于对照组的81.7%(49/60),且观察组并发症发生率8.3%(5/60)明显低于对照组的30.0%(18/60),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与头皮静脉相比,股静脉相对较粗,固定性较好,血液充足,为一次性穿刺成功提供基础条件,并发症少,患儿家长容易接受。同时熟练的技术操作以及加强护理可有效减少不良反应的发生。Objective：To study the differences between for newborn femoral vein and scalp vein blood Bian methods,and provide data support for improving the clinical success rate for newborn,and summarize relevant nursing experience.Method：120 newborns who were collected blood specimen in our hospital from November 2011 to November 2012 were selected,they were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,60 cases in each group.All children were taken with scalp needle for blood sampling,the observation group was selected femoral vein and the control group was selected scalp vein.The average time of blood sampling,one-time success rate and complications between the two groups were observed and compared.Result：The average time of blood sampling of control group and observation group were（3.6±1.6）min and（3.4±1.2）min,there was no statistically significant difference（t=0.775,P〉0.05）.The one-time success rate of observation group was 95.0%（57/60）,it was significantly higher than 81.7%（49/60）of the control group,and the complication rate of observation group was 8.3%（5/60）,it was significantly lower than 30.0%（18/60） of the control group,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Compared with scalp vein,femoral vein is relatively coarse,fixity is good and with enough blood to provide the basic conditions for the one-time successful puncture,fewer complications.It is easy to accept for the parents of children and the skilled nursing operations and strengthening nursing can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

关 键 词：新生儿 静脉釆血 股静脉 头皮静脉 护理 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]