覆膜及灌溉对冬小麦生长及产量的影响  

Effect of Film Mulching and Irrigation on Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat

作　　者：郭孟楚[1] 赵鹏飞[1] 刘全清[2] 江荣风[1] 张宏彦[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [2]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄050051 [3]中国农业大学曲周实验站,河北曲周057250

出　　处：《华北农学报》2014年第2期223-227,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：河北省重大技术创新项目(12220201Z);"948"项目(2011-G18);中国农业大学硕士研究生实践研究项目(2013)

摘　　要：在田间条件下研究了覆膜、灌溉及其交互作用对冬小麦生长及产量、效益的影响。初步研究结果表明,覆膜可显著提高返青期至拔节期0-5,5-10 cm土壤含水量,增加小麦株高。灌溉可显著增大扬花期小麦旗叶SPAD值,但覆膜处理对旗叶SPAD的影响不明显。灌溉可因增加小麦的公顷穗数、穗粒数和千粒质量而显著提高小麦产量。覆膜也可显著提高小麦产量,但在不同水分管理条件下增产幅度和原因不同,其中不灌溉条件下覆膜可比不覆膜增产19%,其增产因素主要是增加了千粒质量;在灌溉条件下覆膜可比不覆膜增产25%,其增产的主要原因是增加了公顷穗数和穗粒数。在华北灌区小麦覆膜栽培技术具有重要意义。Effect of film mulching and irrigation and their interaction on growth,yield and economic benefit of winter wheat was studied under field condition. The results showed that film mulching could increase soil water content of 0- 5 cm and 5- 10 cm and plant height. Irrigation could increase the value of SPAD of flag leaf during flowering period,while film mulching could not. Irrigation could enhance spikes,kernels per spike,thousand kernel weight,and then the yield of wheat. Film mulching could increase the yield of wheat,film mulching under none irrigation condition produced 19% more than no film mulching due to more thousand kernel weight,the growing percentage became 25% when it comes to irrigation condition,mainly because of enhancement of spikes and kernels per spike. Film mulching in winter wheat will be of great importance in North China Plain.

关 键 词：覆膜 灌溉 冬小麦 产量 效益 

分 类 号：S512.01[农业科学—作物学]