下肢打水在水中游进中的推力和控制机制  

Thrust and control mechanism of lower extremity underwater kicking in swimming

作　　者：李树屏[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学动作控制与发展研究中心,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2014年第2期100-104,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

摘　　要：下肢击水的核心目标是增大游进的推力。从能量的角度分析,动力(推力)和阻力都来自于涡旋。高效率的推进依赖游进者的身体与流体流动环境相互作用的优化,即涡旋强度的平衡。高水平的打水模式是:下肢各关节依次运动向足部方向产生正弦波动,振动速度不发生衰减。人体系统无论对熟悉(如:脚蹼)还是不熟悉的任务型约束(如:腿蹼),在相应的运动模式未建立起来之前,都可以迅速地在训练前期加以调节。当任务型约束为非熟悉形式时,整合过程会延长。说明运动练习手段和辅助训练器材的时效性是一个值得关注的既有理论价值又有实践意义的课题。The core target of lower limbs kicking is to increase swimming thrust. Based on the view of energy analysis, both power （thrust） and resistance are come from the vortex. High efficiency promoting relies on the optimization of interaction between swimmer and fluid flow： the balance of vortex intensity. A high level kicking model is： all joints of the lower extremity generate sine wave to the direction of foot, vibration velocity does not decay. Either to the familiar or to the unfamiliar task constraints, the human system could adjusted quickly in the early stage of training before the corresponding motion mode was established. When a task constraint is unfamiliar, the integration process would be longer. It indicated that there are theoretical and practical values for the study on the time effectiveness of exercise methods and auxiliary training equipments.

关 键 词：下肢打水 推进力 动态系统理论 约束 动作协调 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]