心理干预对国家自由式滑雪空中技巧女运动员操作表现的影响  

Effect of Psychological Intervention on the Operation Performance of National Female Freestyle Skiing Athletes

作　　者：张剑杰[1] 徐囡囡[2] 斯力格[2] 王洪彪[2] 欧晓涛[2] 纪东[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学体育学院,内蒙古通辽028043 [2]沈阳体育学院,辽宁沈阳110102

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2014年第2期128-131,154,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(项目编号:12YJAZH117)

摘　　要：为探讨心理干预对自由式滑雪空中技巧国家队女运动员比赛动作操作表现的影响,采取共时性、双基线水平单个被试试验设计,使用流畅状态量表(FSS)和比赛评分法测定运动员水池训练、雪上训练、心理干预介入、撤掉心理干预后参加比赛4阶段流畅心理状态和动作质量得分,并辅以心理技能测试和质性研究效度评价来综合反映运动员的操作表现。2次基线测定结果显示,3名运动员流畅状态得分在水池训练与雪上训练变化不大。3名运动员动作质量得分方面,雪上训练得分明显低于水池训练,介入心理干预后,3名运动员流畅状态均有所改善,2名运动员动作质量得分均增加,第3名运动员动作质量得分略有降低;撤除心理干预后,3名运动员流畅心理状态得分均有所降低,动作质量得分均降低但略高于基线1和基线2。结论:经过心理干预训练,运动员操作表现得以提升。To explore the effect of psychological intervention on freestyle skiing aerial skill and the performance of national female athletes＇ competition action operation, this paper adopted synchronic, double base line level of individual participants experimental design, used the flow state scale （FSS） and game scoring method to test four phase flow and the psychological state and quality score of pool training of the athletes, snow training, psychological intervention and the competition after the removal of psychological intervention, supplemented by psychological skill test and qualitative study validity evaluation to comprehensively reflect the operating performance of athletes. Results show that with two baseline measurement results, the smooth state of three players scoring in the training pool and the snow changes little; from the action quality score of three players, snow training points scored significantly lower than the pool training and the smooth state intervention after the psychological intervention of three athletes were improved. Movement quality scores of two players were increased, and the third athlete motion quality score was slightly lower. After the fluid removal of psychological intervention the three athletes＇ psychological state scores and movement quality scores were lower, but it is slightly higher than the baseline scores 1 and baseline level 2. the conclusion is after psychological intervention training, athletes can improve the operating performance.

关 键 词：流畅心理状态 心理干预 自由式滑雪空中技巧 动作质量 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]