中国式家庭农场形成机制研究——基于皖中地区“小大户”的案例分析  

Study on the Formation Mechanism of Chinese Family Farm:Based on the Case Analysis of the Midland of Anhui Province

作　　者：杨成林[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2014年第6期45-50,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"马克思主义经济学视域下的中国经济去工业化问题及对策研究"(编号:13CJL001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(华中科技大学自主创新研究基金资助项目)"中国经济去工业化的政治经济学分析"(编号:2013WQ053)

摘　　要：基于皖中地区"小大户"的案例分析,研究了中国式家庭农场的特征及形成机制。研究结果表明,作为农业生产方式,"小大户"不仅实现了农业的适度规模经营,而且使传统农民独立出来,成为"职业农民"。"小大户"的形成是农业生产及其组织方式变革的鲜活例证,一方面,当前农村土地集体所有制下农地的流转及规模经营是完全有可能的;另一方面,农地的流转及规模经营有其生成的动力,但又确实存在一些因素制约着这一适当的农业生产方式的普遍生成。"小大户"的形成是政府(地方政府或村集体)推动和农民自发意愿耦合共同作用的结果,换言之,"小大户"形成的根本动力是农民对经济激励的自发性反应,而政府的作用则在于如何为这一生成扫清障碍,以降低农民在其生成过程中付出的"交易成本",并减少农业的经营风险和使农业生产更具可预见性。因此,建议政府在尊重农民的自发性及意愿的前提下,提供相关的公共物品,以促进中国式家庭农场的形成。The paper studies on the features and the formation mechanism of Chinese family farm, based on the case analysis of the midland of Anhui Province. As agricultural production mode, ＂ small large farmers＂ not only realize the scale management of agriculture, but also makes the traditional farmers become independent ＂occupation farmers＂. The formation of ＂small large farmers＂ is a good and vivid example. This paper shows that, on the one hand, the circulation and scale management of farmland are entirely possible under the current rural collective ownership of land; on the other hand, the transfer and scale management of farmland are generated by its own power, but some factors that prevent the appropriate agricultural production mode from generating. The formation of ＂small large farmers＂ is the result of the promotion of government policy and the farmer＇ s willingness that are coupled together; in other words, the fundamental power of ＂small large farmers＂ formation is the spontaneous reaction of farmers on economic incentive. The role of government is to clear away the obstacles to this generation, in order to save the farmer＇ s ＂transaction cost＂ which must be paid in the process of ＂ Chinese family farm＂ production, to reduce agricultural risks, and to make agricultural production more predictable. Therefore, in order to form Chinese family farm, the paper recommends that the government must respect the spontaneity and willingness of farmers, and provide the related public goods.

关 键 词：家庭农场 “小大户” 农业生产方式 农地制度 职业农民 

分 类 号：F325[经济管理—产业经济]