农地整治效率评价研究——基于标杆管理和DEA模型  

Efficiency Evaluation of Rural Land Consolidation: Based on Benchmarking Management and DEA Model

作　　者：汪文雄[1] 余利红[2] 刘凌览[1] 杨钢桥[1] 饶中一 罗冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学土地管理学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]中南民族大学经济学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2014年第6期103-113,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于过程的农地整理项目效率测度及效率提升机制研究"(编号:71073065);国家自然科学基金项目"农户有效参与提升农地整治项目绩效的机理及政策响应机制"(编号:71373097);国家社会科学基金项目"粮食主产区农地整理项目农户参与机制研究"(编号:12BGL078);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目"基于价值链增值的农地整治项目公众参与模式研究"(编号:2012ZYTS018)

摘　　要：农地整治是保障国家粮食安全,促进"三农"问题解决的重要举措。近年来,中国政府在农地整治领域的投入逐年增加。本文以湖北省岗前平原工程模式区的22个县(市、区)农地整治为对象,收集并整理其投入和产出的数据,运用标杆管理理论和数据包络分析(DEA)模型对其效率进行评价,包括综合效率、技术效率、规模效率及超效率,判断其DEA有效性,提出农地整治DEA无效地区的标杆选择方法,确立出DEA有效地区为农地整治的备选标杆,运用投影分析法找出DEA无效地区与标杆间的效率差距并分析原因,进一步提出向标杆学习的持续改进方法并对改进的效果进行检查。研究表明:湖北省岗前平原工程模式区农地整治的效率整体较高,其中DEA综合效率有效的地区9个,13个地区的技术效率有效,9个地区的规模效率有效,三个效率均值依次是0.912 9,0.949 5,0.962 0,且该工程模式区的西、中、东三个片区农地整治的效率均值呈现出中间高两边低的明显态势;农地整治DEA无效的地区存在着一定程度的投入冗余和产出不足,江夏区等5个地区单位面积投资冗余率超过了10%,武穴市等4个地区的平均建设规模的冗余率超过20%,土地纠纷减少率、田块规整变化率和水土流失治理率3个指标不足率较高,江夏区土地纠纷减少和田块规整变化不足率均最高,分别达到28.31%和15.79%。在未来的项目中,湖北省岗前平原工程模式区农地整治应注意其投入规模,优化投入产出结构,提高投入资源的合理利用程度,同时提高技术效率和规模效率以促进综合效率的提升。Rural land consolidation is an important measure to ensure national food security and solve the ＂San Nong＂ Problem. In recent years, the investment in rural land consolidation by Chinese government has been increasing. This paper takes 22 counties （cities, districts） rural land consolidation projects on pre-service plain engineering model areas in Hubei Province as an example, collects and analyzes the input and output data, and evaluates rural land consolidation efficiencies by using the benchmarking management theory and data envelopment analysis （DEA） model, including the comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency, scale efficiency and super efficiency, to judge the effectiveness of DEA. The paper puts forward the benchmarking selection method for those rural land consolidation DEA inefficient areas, establishes the DEA effective areas as alternative benchmarks for rural land consolidation, and finds out the efficiency gap between DEA in efficient areas and efficiency of benchmarlcs by using the projection analysis method and analyzes the reasons. The paper further puts forward to the continuous improvement methods to benchmarking learning and inspects the improvement results. Research shows that： the efficiency of rural land consolidation projects on pre-service plain engineering model areas in Hubei Province is relatively high overall. The DEA comprehensive efficiency in 9 areas are efficient, technical efficiency of 13 regions is effective, scale efficiency in 9 regions is effective, and three efficient mean values are 0. 912 9, 0.949 5, and 0. 962 0. The rural land consolidation efficiency mean values of the West, Central, East areas of the engineering model show a apparent tendency of high in the middle and low on both sides. There are input redundancy and output deficiency in rural land consolidation efficiency of DEA invalid regions. Per unit area investment redundancy rate is more than 10% in Jiangxia District. The average construction scale redundancy rate is over 20% in Wuxue City a

关 键 词：农地整治 效率 标杆管理 数据包络分析法 岗前平原工程模式区 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]