大气环流背景下城市化对长江中下游夏季温度的影响研究  

IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON SUMMER TEMPERATURE IN THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF YANGTZE RIVER IN ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION BACKGROUND

作　　者：郑有飞[1] 傅颖[2] 尹继福[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学/江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京210044

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2014年第2期293-301,共9页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC29B05);江苏省社会发展面上项目(BS2007066);江苏省气象灾害重点实验室项目(KLME05005);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目共同资助

摘　　要：采用均一性较好的逐日温度资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和DMSP/OLS卫星夜晚灯光数据,基于Gis工具及Observe Minus Reanalysis(OMR)方法,定量分析了1961—2010年的大气环流背景下城市化对长江中下游地区温度变化趋势的影响。结果表明:长江中下游地区夏季温度总体呈上升趋势,上升幅度以最低温度>平均温度>最高温度,从而导致日较差呈下降趋势,其变化与城市发展水平相吻合。另外,城市化对温度趋势的贡献以日较差>最低温度>平均温度>最高温度,其中大都市的贡献率最大。强(弱)副高年城市化使长江中下游地区夏季温度升高(降低),强副高年大城市对温度的响应较大,而弱副高年中等城市对温度的响应较大。Based on the daily temperature datasets from 763 Chinese weather stations, the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis database and DMSP/OLS nighttime light imagery data, the impact of urbanization on summer temperature of various stations in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River in the background of atmospheric circulation is analyzed. Both the observation minus reanalysis （OMR） and GIS method are used in this study. The results are shown as follows. Generally, increasing trends are found in mean, maximum and minimum temperatures, of which maximum temperature is the weakest. Therefore, these stations generally witness a significant drop in diurnal temperature range. The OMR shows a warming trend in mean and minimum temperature and a decrease trend in maximum temperature and diurnal temperature range, especially so in Yangtze River Delta, which agrees well with urban development. Metropolises show the biggest OMR trend. The strongest effect of urbanization on temperature trends occurs over the metropolises. In the background of high temperature-induced circulation, the OMR trend is positive; otherwise, it is negative. In the years of strong （weak） West Pacific Subtropical High, the metropolises （medium cities） show the biggest OMR trends.

关 键 词：气候学 统计特征 Gis 城市化 夏季气温 OMR 大气环流 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]