基于能值方法的成都平原农田生态系统秸秆循环利用模式研究  

Comparison of different straw cycling modes in farmland ecosystems in Chengdu Plain based on emergy theory

作　　者：高雪松[1,2] 邓良基[1,2] 张世熔[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生态环境研究所 [2]四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都611130

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2014年第6期729-736,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B18)资助

摘　　要：本文采用能值分析方法与理论,以成都平原"稻-麦"轮作农田生态系统不同秸秆循环利用模式为研究对象,通过系统定位试验与随机抽样调查,对农田生态系统常规施肥生产模式(CF)、秸秆直接还田生产模式(CFS)和食用菌菌废料还田生产模式(按物质投入量不同分为FR1、FR2和FR3)的能值投入产出进行比较。研究表明:CF和CFS模式不可更新能值投入比例较大,主要依附工业辅助能的投入;不同模式系统的总能值产出量依次为CF>FR2>CFS>FR1>FR3,与CF和CFS模式相比,FR1、FR2、FR3模式的产投比相对较大,FR2模式最大,其产投比为2.35。菌废料还田生产模式下农田生态系统有机能值占系统总能值比例较高,系统净能值产出率高,环境负载率较低,环境压力小,可持续发展性能较强,FR2菌废料还田生产模式是最适合成都平原的秸秆循环利用生产模式。The flow and transformation of energy and circulation of materials can reflect the basic functional processes of agricultural ecosystems.Energy analysis of agricultural ecosystems focuses on the characteristics of energy flow,which converts different resources into standard emergy.Thus energy conversion in intra-ecosystems or inter-systems can be explained and the optimized modes or structures can be chosen.This paper aimed at finding out the most applicable straw utilization mode for local agricultural ecosystems in Chengdu Plain.Chengdu Plain is one of the biggest grain and oil production bases with high straw quantity in China.How to make better use of the straw resources rather than excessive consumption of agro-ecological resources has attracted considerable interest in recent years.In this paper,the theory and method of emergy analysis were used to study different straw cycling modes in ＂rice-wheat rotation＂ farmland ecosystems in Chengdu Plain.Through the systematic positioning test and random sampling,emergy inputs and outputs of farm land production modes with different straw cycling ways in Chengdu Plain were investigated.The modes included regular fertilization mode（CF）,straw returning mode（CFS） and mushroom residues utilization modes（FRs,in which three modes with different inputs were involved,FR1,FR2,FR3）.Results indicated that non-renewable emergy inputs of CF and CFS modes accounted for a large portion in all emergy input.This mainly depended on auxiliary emergy of non-renewable industry,which easily resulted into non-point source pollution.The sequence of total emergy values of different modes was CF 〉 FR2 〉 CFS 〉 FR1 〉 FR3.Compared with CF and CFS modes,emergy input-output ratios of FR1,FR2 and FR3 modes were relatively higher.Total emergy output and emergy input-output ratio of FR2 mode were highest,reaching 2.20×1016 sej and 2.35,respectively.Mushroom residues utilization modes had high net emergy yield ratio with emergy self-sufficiency ratio above 50%.Emergy loading r

关 键 词：“稻-麦”轮作农田生态系统 秸秆循环利用模式 食用菌废料还田 能值分析 成都平原 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]